particle:

• indicates possessive - occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之 ➜ 乃
• nominalizes verbs and adjectives
• substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases ➜ が
• (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion - often ん
• (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis - female language
• (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

particle:

• indicates a confident conclusion - at sentence-end, falling tone - Kansai dialect ➜ の
• indicates emotional emphasis - at sentence-end - female language - Kansai dialect ➜ の
• indicates question - at sentence-end, rising tone - Kansai dialect ➜ の

particle:

• (at sentence-end) indicates mild emphasis - archaism

particle:

• (positive sentence end) I dare say; (negative sentence end) though, honestly - archaism

particle:

• indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
• indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)

conjunction:

• but; however; still; and
• regardless of; whether (or not) - after the volitional form of a verb

godan ~う verb (spec.) / transitive:

• to ask; to inquire
• to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to pursue (question of responsibility); to charge with
• to care about; to regard as important - used in neg. form ➜ 問わず
• to call into question; to doubt; to question - usu. in passive form

noun:

• question (e.g. on a test); problem
• problem (e.g. societal, political); question; issue; subject (e.g. of research); case; matter
• question (i.e. doubt)
• public discussion; controversy
• trouble; problem; inconvenience; difficulty

noun:

• end of a sentence; sentence final ➜ 文末

expression:

• indicates question - at sentence-end - polite language ➜ か

particle:

• sentence-ending particle expressing doubt ➜ か・よ

particle:

• interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt

noun:

• doubt; question; suspicion; dubiousness

particle:

• indicates direct object of action
• indicates subject of causative expression
• indicates an area traversed
• indicates time (period) over which action takes place
• indicates point of departure or separation of action
• indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc. ➜ が・が・が

noun:

• strange question; offbeat question; odd question; funny question; curious question

noun:

• multiple-choice question - four character idiom

expression:

• don't you think?; indicates question - polite language ➜ だろうか

expression:

• don't you think?; indicates question

particle:

• indicates location of action; at; in - にて is the formal literary form
• indicates time of action
• indicates means of action; cause of effect; by

conjunction:

• and then; so

auxiliary:

• indicates continuing action ［で］ - alternate form of 〜て used for some verb types ➜ て

particle:

• indicates certainty, emphasis, etc. ［で］ - at sentence-end - Kansai dialect ➜ よ

noun:

• doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion; distrust

noun:

• doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion; distrust

adjectival noun / noun:

• incomplete understanding; doubt; question; distrust; suspicion; strangeness; infidelity

noun / ~の noun:

• multiple choice (e.g. question) - abbreviation ➜ 多肢選択式

auxiliary verb:

• indicates recollection or realization (i.e. of hearsay or the past); can form a poetic past tense
• indicates continuation from the past to the present
• end; conclusion - also written with the ateji 鳧

auxiliary verb:

• indicates speculation - after the imperfective form of certain verbs and adjectives
• indicates will
• indicates invitation

particle:

• indicates reason or excuse - used as a conjunction or at sentence-end, often as 〜ものな, 〜ものね
• indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged - at sentence-end - female language