noun:

• below; down; under; younger (e.g. daughter)
• bottom
• beneath; underneath
• just after; right after - as 下から, 下より, etc.

noun / ~の noun:

• inferiority; one's inferior (i.e. one's junior)

noun:

• trade-in ➜ 下取り

prefix noun:

• preliminary; preparatory ➜ 下準備

noun:

• lowness (of degree, value, etc.); inferiority
• second volume (of two); third volume (of three) Antonym: 上【じょう】 ➜ 下巻

noun:

• lower reaches (of a river) Antonym: 上【かみ】
• bottom; lower part
• lower half (of the body, esp. the privates); feces (faeces); urine; menses
• end; far from the imperial palace (i.e. far from Kyoto, esp. of western Japan)

~の noun:

• dirty (e.g. dirty jokes, etc.)

adverb:

• under (esp. influence or guidance) - sometimes written 元

suffix / ~の noun:

• under (being in said condition or environment)

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to come down - esp. 下りる
• to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to disembark; to dismount - esp. 降りる
• to step down; to retire; to give up; to quit
• to be granted; to be issued; to be given - esp. 下りる
• to form (of frost, dew, mist, etc.) - esp. 降りる
• to be passed (from the body; e.g. of a roundworm) - esp. 下りる ➜ 下り物

expression:

• please give me - honorific language
• please do for me - after te-form of a verb or a noun prefixed with o- or go- - honorific language

adjectival noun / noun:

• unskillful; poor; awkward Antonym: 上手【じょうず】
• imprudent; untactful

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to hang; to suspend; to wear (e.g. decoration)
• to lower; to reduce; to bring down
• to demote; to move back; to pull back
• to clear (plates); to remove (food, etc. from table or altar)

noun:

• underwear

noun / ~する noun:

• boarding; lodging; boarding house

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to come down; to go down; to fall; to drop; to sink; to get lower Antonym: 上がる
• to hang; to dangle
• to move back; to step back; to withdraw; to retire
• to deteriorate; to fall off; to be downgraded
• to get closer to the present day
• to go south - in Kyoto

noun / suffix noun:

• down-train (going away from Tokyo)
• down-slope; downward going

~の noun:

• southbound

godan ある verb (spec.):

• to give; to confer; to bestow - honorific language
• to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour; to favor - honorific language

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to take down (e.g. flag); to launch (e.g. boat); to drop; to lower (e.g. ladder); to let (a person) off; to unload; to discharge
• to drop off (a passenger from a vehicle); to let (a person) off
• to withdraw (cash)
• to wear (clothing) for the first time
• to fillet (e.g. a fish)

noun / ~する noun:

• alighting (from train, bus, etc.); getting off

adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• last third of a month; 21st to the last day of a month

noun:

• low-lying part of a city (usu. containing shops, factories, etc.)
• Shitamachi (low-lying area of eastern Tokyo near Tokyo Bay, incl. Asakusa, Shitaya, Kanda, Fukugawa, Honjo, Nihonbashi, Kyobashi and surrounds) ➜ 山の手

noun / ~する noun:

• descent; fall; drop; decline; downturn; subsidence

noun / ~する noun:

• draft; rough copy

adjectival noun / noun:

• vulgar; indecent; coarse; crude

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to descend; to go down; to come down
• to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.)
• to pass (of time)
• to surrender; to capitulate
• to be less than; to be inferior to - often in neg. form
• to have the runs; to have diarrhea - also written as 瀉る ➜ 腹が下る
• to pass (in stool); to be discharged from the body
• to depreciate oneself; to be humble - archaism

noun:

• drainage; ditch; gutter; sewerage
• sewage; black water

noun:

• geta; Japanese wooden clogs
• turn (in set-type proofing); upside-down character - later printed as 〓, resembling the teeth of a geta ➜ 伏せ字【ふせじ】

adjective:

• good-for-nothing; stupid; trivial; worthless

noun:

• underline; underscore

noun / ~の noun:

• low rank; lower position; subordinate position; lower order (e.g. byte)

noun / ~する noun:

• preliminary investigation; preparation

noun / ~する noun / ~の noun:

• diarrhoea; diarrhea

noun:

• burning low; waning; declining