JLPT Kanji Level 1

🌏 public list

The Japanese Language Proficiency Test, or JLPT, is a standardized criterion-referenced test to evaluate and certify the Japanese language proficiency of non-native speakers. It is held twice a year in East Asia and once a year in other regions. The JLPT has four levels, with Level 4 the most basic and Level 1 the most difficult.

  • 祝い歌【いわいうた】 festive poem or song / congratulatory form (of waka)
  • 凛【りん】 cold; frigid; bracing / dignified
  • すみれ《菫》 violet (any flower of genus Viola, esp. the Fuji dawn, Viola mandshurica)
  • 昴【すばる】 Chinese "Hairy Head" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); Pleiades; Seven Sisters
  • しおり《栞》 bookmark / guidebook
  • 鞠【まり】 ball (for sport, games, etc.) / kemari; type of football played by courtiers in ancient Japan
  • うがい《嗽》 gargling; rinsing one's mouth
  • 澪【みお】 waterway; channel / wake (of a ship)
  • 瞳【ひとみ】 pupil (of eye) / eye
  • 笙【しょう】 traditional Japanese wind instrument resembling panpipes; free-reed instrument used in Japanese court music
  • 綺【き】 thin twilled silk fabric
  • 魂【たましい】 soul; spirit
  • 暦【こよみ】 calendar; almanac
  • 劣【れつ】 sub-; inferior; minor
  • かど《廉》 charge; grounds; suspicion
  • はす《蓮》 sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera); Indian lotus; lotus / rose of Sharon (Hibiscus syriacus)
  • 呂【りょ】 bass range (in Japanese music) / six even-numbered notes of the ancient chromatic scale / Japanese seven-tone gagaku scale similar to Mixolydian mode (corresp. to: re, mi, fa, so, la, ti, do)
  • 炉【ろ】 hearth; fireplace / furnace; kiln
  • 露【つゆ】 dew / tears / (not) a bit; (not) at all
  • 廊【ろう】 corridor; passage; hall
  • 楼【ろう】 tower; tall building; turret; lookout; belvedere
  • 波【なみ】 wave
  • 禄【ろく】 stipend; reward
  • 和【わ】 sum / harmony; peace / Japan; Japanese-style
  • 賂【まいない】 bribe
  • 枠【わく】 frame; framework / border; box / limit; restriction; quota
  • 奎【けい】 Chinese "Legs" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
  • 糧【かて】 food; provisions / nourishment (mental, spiritual, etc.); sustenance (e.g. of one's life); source of encouragement
  • 諒【りょう】 truth
  • 遼【りょう】 Liao (dynasty, 916-1125 CE); Khitan Empire
  • 陵【みささぎ】 imperial mausoleum; Emperor's tomb / big hill
  • 厘【りん】 one-hundredth; 0.3 mm (one-hundredth of a sun); 0.1 percent (one-hundredth of a wari); 0.0375 grams (one-hundredth of a monme) / old monetary unit (0.001 yen)
  • 隣【となり】 neighbor (neighbour); next to (esp. living next door to)
  • 塁【るい】 base; bag; sack / fortress; stronghold
  • 累【るい】 trouble; evil influence; implication; involvement
  • 峰【みね】 peak; summit; ridge; top / back of a blade
  • 鈴【すず】 bell (often globular)
  • 謡【うたい】 noh chanting; recitation
  • そもそも《抑》 in the first place; to begin with; from the start; originally; ab initio / after all; anyway; actually; well, ...; ... on earth (e.g. "what on earth?"); ... in the world (e.g. "why in the world?") / beginning; start
  • 翼【つばさ】 wing / Chinese "Wings" constellation (one of the 28 mansions) / counter for birds or bird wings
  • 薄物【うすもの】 lightweight fabric or clothing; silk gauze; thin silk / Latin (language)
  • 裸【はだか】 nakedness; nudity / bareness; nakedness; baldness; being uncovered / being penniless / concealing nothing; openness
  • 雷【かみなり】 lightning; thunder; thunderbolt / god of thunder; god of lightning / anger; fit of anger
  • 嵐【あらし】 storm; tempest / storm; hullaballoo; uproar; winds (e.g. of change)
  • 欄【らん】 column of text (e.g. in a newspaper) / field (in a form, web page, etc.)
  • あい《藍》 dyer's knotweed (Persicaria tinctoria, used to produce indigo dye) / indigo (dye) / indigo (colour)
  • 蘭【らん】 orchid / Holland; The Netherlands
  • 吏【り】 government official; public official
  • 靴【くつ】 shoes; boots; footwear; footgear
  • すもも《李》 Japanese plum (Prunus salicina); Chinese plum
  • なし《梨》 nashi (Pyrus pyrifolia, esp. var. culta); Japanese pear; Asian pear; sand pear; apple pear
  • 里【り】 Japanese league; ri; old Japanese unit of distance, approx. 3.927km or 2.44 miles / neighbourhood (under the ritsuryo system; orig. of 50 homes) / unit of area (approx. 654m by 654m)
  • 離【り】 li (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: fire, south)
  • 率【りつ】 rate; ratio; proportion; percentage
  • 竜【りゅう】 dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon) / naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology / promoted rook
  • 虜【とりこ】 captive; prisoner / victim (of love, etc.); slave (to one's lust, etc.)
  • 寮【りょう】 hostel; dormitory / bureau (government department beneath a ministry under the ritsuryo system)
  • 猟【りょう】 hunting; shooting / game; quarry
  • 稜【りょう】 edge; angle / ridge (e.g. of a mountain)
  • 窯【かま】 stove; furnace; kiln
  • 羊【ひつじ】 sheep (Ovis aries)
  • 庸【よう】 tax paid to avoid forced labor (ritsuryo period)
  • 揺【ゆり】 vibration; flickering; jolting; tremor
  • 柳【やなぎ】 willow (any tree of genus Salix) / weeping willow (Salix babylonica)
  • おおざと《邑》 kanji "large village" radical at right (radical 163)
  • おす《雄》 male (animal)
  • ゆず《柚》 yuzu (Citrus ichangensis x C. reticulata)
  • なお《尚》 furthermore; still; yet; more; still more; in addition; greater; further
  • ただ《唯》 ordinary; common; usual / free of charge / unaffected; as is; safe / only; merely; just; simply / but; however; nevertheless
  • 柳【やなぎ】 willow (any tree of genus Salix) / weeping willow (Salix babylonica)
  • わけ《訳》 conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
  • 静寂【せいじゃく】 silence; stillness; quietness
  • 紋【もん】 (family) crest; coat of arms
  • 匁【もんめ】 monme (unit of weight, 3.75 g)
  • なり《也》 to be / to be (location) / sum of money
  • 冶【や】 melting
  • 弥【いや】 more and more; increasingly / extremely; very
  • 矢【や】 arrow / wedge; chock
  • 厄【やく】 misfortune; bad luck; evil; disaster
  • 猛【もう】 greatly energetic / ferocious / extreme; severe
  • 盲【めくら】 blindness; blind person / illiteracy; illiterate person / ignorance; ignoramus
  • 網【あみ】 net; netting / web
  • 銘【めい】 inscription; epitaph / (manufacturer's) engraved signature / motto; maxim; precept
  • 免【めん】 dismissal
  • 形木【かたぎ】 wooden printing block
  • 巳【み】 sixth sign of the Chinese zodiac (The Serpent, 9am-11am, south-southeast, April)
  • 岬【みさき】 cape (on coast)
  • 密【みつ】 density; thickness / secrecy / minute; fine / esoteric Buddhism; secret Buddhist teachings
  • 脈【みゃく】 pulse / vein / chain (of mountains, etc.) / hope / thread (of an argument)
  • 妙【みょう】 strange; weird; odd; curious / wonder; mystery; miracle; excellence / cleverness; adroitness; knack; skill
  • 矛【ほこ】 long-handled Chinese spear; lance; pike / weapon; arms / grip of a bow / parade float decorated with long-handled Chinese spears
  • 霧【きり】 fog; mist / spray
  • むくのき《椋木》 Aphananthe oriental elm (Aphananthe aspera); mukutree
  • 婿【むこ】 husband; groom / (one's) son-in-law
  • まき《槙》 yew plum pine (Podocarpus macrophyllus)
  • 幕【まく】 curtain; bunting / act (in play)
  • 膜【まく】 membrane; film
  • 正木【まさき】 Japanese spindletree (Euonymus japonicus)
  • また《又》 again; and; also; still (doing something)
  • また《又》 again; and; also; still (doing something)
  • 繭【まゆ】 cocoon
  • 麿【まろ】 I; me / (person having) thin or shaved eyebrows / affectionate suffix for names of young men or pets
  • 穂【ほ】 ear (of plant); head (of plant) / point; tip / scion (in grafting); cion
  • 墓【はか】 gravesite; tomb
  • 俸【ほう】 salary
  • 峰【みね】 peak; summit; ridge; top / back of a blade
  • 友【とも】 friend; companion; comrade; pal
  • 泡【あわ】 bubble; foam; froth; head on beer
  • 銃【じゅう】 gun; rifle; small arms
  • 国【くに】 country; state / region / national government; central government / home (i.e. hometown, home country) / province (of Japan) / land; earth
  • 鳳【ほう】 feng (male Chinese firebird)
  • 鵬【ほう】 peng (in Chinese mythology, giant bird said to transform from a fish)
  • そば《側》 near; close; beside; vicinity; proximity; besides; while / third person
  • 房【ふさ】 tuft; tassel / bunch (of grapes, etc.) / section (of an orange, etc.)
  • 某【ぼう】 certain; one
  • 謀【はかりごと】 plan; strategy
  • 僕【ぼく】 I; me / you / manservant
  • 墨【すみ】 sumi; India ink; Chinese ink; ink stick; ink-cake / squid ink; octopus ink / carpenter's inking string
  • えのき《榎》 Japanese hackberry (Celtis sinensis var. japonica); Chinese nettle tree / enoki mushroom (Flammulina velutipes); winter mushroom; velvet shank; enokitake; enokidake
  • 牧【まき】 pasture; grazing land
  • 没【ぼつ】 death / rejection (of a manuscript, etc.) / lacking; without
  • 堀【ほり】 moat; fosse / canal; ditch
  • 零し【こぼし】 waste-water container (tea ceremony)
  • おおよそ《大凡》 about; roughly; approximately / generally; on the whole; as a rule / completely; quite; entirely; altogether; totally; not at all (with neg. verb) / outline; gist
  • 盆【ぼん】 tray / family; household / O-Bon; Bon Festival; Lantern Festival; Festival of the Dead
  • 魔【ま】 demon; devil; evil spirit; evil influence / someone who (habitually) performs some (negative) act
  • 麻【あさ】 cannabis (Cannabis sativa); hemp (plant) / hemp (fiber); linen; flax; jute
  • 遍【へん】 number of times
  • 弁【べん】 speech; tongue; talk; eloquence / dialect; brogue; accent / bento; Japanese box lunch / petal / valve / Oversight Department; division of the daijokan under the ritsuryo system responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices
  • 舗【ほ】 shop; store / counter for foldable things such as maps, etc.
  • 丙【へい】 third in rank; third sign of the Chinese calendar
  • 塀【へい】 wall / fence
  • 幣【へい】 staff with plaited paper streamers
  • 弊【へい】 bad habit; harm
  • 柄【がら】 pattern; design / body build; figure; physique / essential qualities; character; nature / appropriate to; fitting of; suitable for
  • 壁【かべ】 wall; partition / barrier; obstacle / Chinese "Wall" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
  • 癖【くせ】 habit (often a bad habit, i.e. vice); tendency / peculiarity; idiosyncrasy; mannerism / crease; wrinkle; curl; kink
  • 青【あお】 blue; azure / green / green light (traffic) / black (horse coat color) / immature; unripe; young
  • 偏【へん】 left-hand radical of a character
  • 賦【ふ】 poem / narrative (style of the Shi Jing) / classical Chinese rhymed prose
  • 侮【ぶ】 (something) despised; (something) made light of
  • 楓【かえで】 maple (tree) (Acer spp.)
  • ふき《蕗》 giant butterbur (Petasites japonicus); Japanese sweet coltsfoot
  • 浜【はま】 beach; seashore / captured pieces (in the game of go); captured stones / Yokohama / riverbank; riverside
  • 客賓【まろうど】 visitor from afar; guest
  • 敷き【しき】 spreading; laying out; covering / security deposit / Japanese mattress
  • 譜【ふ】 (sheet) music; (musical) note; (musical) score / genealogy; family tree / record of a game of go, shogi, chess, etc.
  • 鉢【はち】 bowl; pot; basin / flowerpot / crown; brainpan
  • 罰【ばち】 (divine) punishment; curse; retribution
  • 閥【ばつ】 clique; clan; faction
  • 鳩【はと】 pigeon; dove
  • はやぶさ《隼》 falcon (esp. the peregrine falcon, Falco peregrinus)
  • 供【とも】 companion; follower; attendant; retinue
  • 帆【ほ】 sail
  • 班【はん】 group; party; team / squad; section
  • あたり《辺り》 on the bank of; by the side of (e.g. a river, pond) / (in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity; nearby / around (Sunday, last year, etc...) / for instance
  • 藩【はん】 feudal domain (Edo and early Meiji periods, precursor to current prefectures); fiefdom; province; clan
  • 範【はん】 example; model
  • 煩【はん】 trouble
  • 皿【さら】 plate; dish; platter; disc / serving; helping; course / kanji radical 108 (at the bottom)
  • 妃【ひ】 princess; consort
  • 扉【とびら】 door; gate; opening / title page
  • 碑【いしぶみ】 stone monument bearing an inscription (esp. memorial for future generations); stele; stela
  • 赤【あか】 red; crimson; scarlet / red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange) / Red (i.e. communist) / red light (traffic) / red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red / complete; total; perfect; obvious / copper
  • 肥【こえ】 manure; night soil; dung; fertiliser; fertilizer
  • 尾【お】 tail (animal, kite, comet, etc.); tail end / slope at the foot of a mountain
  • 微【び】 minuteness / one millionth
  • 眉【まゆ】 eyebrow; eyebrows
  • ひいらぎ《柊》 holly olive (Osmanthus heterophyllus); false holly / holly / spotnape ponyfish (Leiognathus nuchalis)
  • 彦【ひこ】 boy
  • 姫【ひめ】 young lady of noble birth; princess (esp. in Western contexts, tales, etc.) / girl / small; cute; lesser (in names of species) / prostitute
  • 姫【ひめ】 young lady of noble birth; princess (esp. in Western contexts, tales, etc.) / girl / small; cute; lesser (in names of species) / prostitute
  • 俵【たわら】 straw bag; bale; sack / counter for sacks; counter for bales; counter for bags
  • 印【しるし】 mark; sign / symbol; emblem / badge; crest; flag / evidence; proof / token (of gratitude, affection, etc.)
  • 票【ひょう】 vote; ballot / label; ticket; tag; stub
  • 評【ひょう】 criticism; commentary; a council
  • 苗【なえ】 seedling; young plant / rice seedling
  • 博【はく】 doctor; PhD / exposition; fair; exhibition
  • 拍【はく】 beat / mora
  • 舶【つむ】 large ship
  • 迫り【せり】 stage elevator; trapdoor
  • 梅【うめ】 Japanese apricot (Prunus mume); Japanese plum; ume; Chinese plum / lowest (of a three-tier ranking system)
  • はぎ《萩》 bush clover; Japanese clover (any flowering plant of genus Lespedeza) / dark red exterior with blue interior (color combination worn in autumn)
  • 伯【はく】 count; earl / chief official of the Department of Worship / eldest brother / Brazil; Brazilian
  • くすのき《樟》 camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora); camphorwood; camphor laurel
  • 尼【あま】 nun / bitch / Amagasaki, Hyogo / Amazon (online retailer)
  • 二【に】 two
  • 虹【にじ】 rainbow
  • 如【にょ】 tathata (the ultimate nature of all things)
  • 尿【にょう】 urine
  • 忍【にん】 endurance; forbearance; patience; self-restraint
  • むしろ《寧ろ》 rather; better; instead
  • 乃【の】 possessive particle
  • これ《此れ》 this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic) / this person (usu. indicating someone in one's in-group) / now / here / I (me) / certainly
  • 巴【ともえ】 tomoe; heraldic design composed of two or more interlocked comma-shaped figures
  • 束【たば】 bundle; bunch; sheaf
  • 覇【は】 supremacy (over a nation); hegemony; domination; leadership / championship; victory
  • 派【は】 clique; faction; school
  • ばば《婆》 old woman / joker (card) / hag; bitch
  • 排【はい】 anti-
  • 肺【はい】 lung
  • 輩【やから】 party (of people); set (of people); clan; family; fellow
  • 仲人【なこうど】 matchmaker / go-between; intermediary; middleman; mediator; intercessor
  • 陶【すえ】 ceramics; pottery; porcelain
  • 虚ろ【うつろ】 cavity; hollow; void / hollow (voice, smile, etc.); blank (eyes, look, etc.); vacant (expression, stare, etc.); empty (words, heart, etc.)
  • 瞳【ひとみ】 pupil (of eye) / eye
  • 胴【どう】 trunk; torso; body; abdomen; waist / plastron (in kendo); touching the plastron (kimari-te in kendo) / frame (of a drum, etc.); sound box (of a shamisen, etc.); hull (of a ship)
  • 峠【とうげ】 (mountain) pass; ridge; peak / peak (e.g. of summer); worst (e.g. of an illness); crisis; critical point; most difficult part
  • 匿【とく】 shelter; shield; hide
  • 徳【とく】 virtue / benevolence / profit; benefit; advantage
  • 独【どく】 Germany
  • でこ《凸》 brow; forehead / bump
  • 寅【とら】 third sign of the Chinese zodiac (The Tiger, 3am-5am, east-northeast, January)
  • 酉【とり】 tenth sign of the Chinese zodiac (The Bird, 5pm-7pm, west, August)
  • トン《屯》 ton (now usu. a metric ton, i.e. 1,000kg); tonne
  • 豚【ぶた】 pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) / fat person
  • 凪【なぎ】 calm (at sea); lull
  • 縄【なわ】 rope; cord / policeman's rope
  • 豆【まめ】 legume (esp. edible legumes or their seeds, such as beans, peas, pulses, etc.); beans; peas / soya bean (Glycine max); soybean; soy / female genitalia (esp. the clitoris) / kidney / miniature; tiny / child
  • 奴【やっこ】 servant (esp. a samurai's attendant) / chivalrous man (c. Edo period) / cubed tofu (often served cold) / kite shaped like a footman / Edo-period hairstyle worn by samurai's attendants / enslavement (of a woman; Edo-period punishment for her own or her husband's crime) / he; she; him; her
  • 刀【かたな】 (single-edged) sword; katana / dagger; knife / scalpel / chisel; burin; graver / knife money; knife-shaped commodity money used in Zhou dynasty China
  • 唐【とう】 Tang Dynasty (China, 618-907) / China; foreign country
  • 桃【もも】 peach (Prunus persica)
  • 棟【とう】 large building; building with a long roof / counter for buildings, apartments, etc.
  • 痘痕【いも】 smallpox; variola / pockmark; pock
  • 糖【とう】 sugar
  • 藤【ふじ】 wisteria (esp. Japanese wisteria, Wisteria floribunda); wistaria
  • 斗【と】 to; traditional unit of volume, approx. 18 litres / square bearing block (at the top of a pillar) / Chinese "Dipper" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
  • 森【もり】 forest / shrine grove
  • とばり《帳》 curtain; hanging; bunting
  • 張【ちょう】 Chinese "Extended Net" constellation (one of the 28 mansions) / counter for objects with stretched strings (i.e. bows, kotos), curtains, papers, etc.
  • 彫り【ほり】 carving; engraving / chiselled features
  • 徴【ち】 fourth degree (of the Japanese & Chinese pentatonic scale)
  • 潮【しお】 tide; current / sea water / opportunity; chance / thin soup of fish or shellfish boiled in seawater
  • 腸【ちょう】 guts; bowels; intestines
  • 蝶【ちょう】 butterfly
  • 勅【ちょく】 imperial decree; imperial edict
  • 朕【ちん】 We; Our
  • 鎮【ちん】 a weight / temple supervisor / town (of China)
  • 津【つ】 harbour; harbor; port / ferry
  • しい《椎》 any beech tree of genus Castanopsis; chinquapin; chinkapin
  • 塚【つか】 mound; heap; hillock / burial mound; tomb; tumulus; barrow
  • けやき《欅》 Japanese zelkova (species of elm-like tree, Zelkowa serrata)
  • つた《蔦》 ivy (esp. Boston ivy, Parthenocissus tricuspidata)
  • つばき《椿》 common camellia; Camellia japonica / tea produced in the mountains
  • 坪【つぼ】 tsubo; traditional unit of area, approx. 3.31 square meters
  • 紬【つむぎ】 pongee; soft thin cloth woven from raw silk
  • 釣り【つり】 fishing; angling / change (e.g. for a purchase) / trolling; writing false posts online
  • 鶴【つる】 crane (any bird of the family Gruidae, esp. the red-crowned crane, Grus japonensis)
  • 亭【てい】 arbor; arbour; bower; pavilion / suffix forming the final part of the pseudonyms of some writers and performers / suffix forming the final part of the name of a restaurant
  • 貞【てい】 firm adherence to one's principles / chastity (of a woman)
  • 堤【つつみ】 bank; embankment; dike
  • 帝【みかど】 emperor (of Japan); mikado / (the gates of an) imperial residence
  • 悌【てい】 respect for one's elders / harmony among siblings
  • ひさげ《提》 ceremonial sake decanter with a spout and semicircular handle
  • 渚【なぎさ】 water's edge; beach; shore
  • 艇【てい】 boat
  • 屋敷【やしき】 residence; estate; grounds; premises; mansion
  • 敵【てき】 opponent; rival; adversary / menace; danger; threat; enemy
  • 笛【ふえ】 flute; fife; pipe; recorder; flageolet; shakuhachi; clarinet / whistle
  • 哲【てつ】 sage; wise man; philosopher; disciple / sagacity; wisdom; intelligence
  • 典【てん】 ceremony; celebration; law code
  • 展【てん】 exhibition; exhibit
  • 丁【ちょう】 counter for sheets, pages, leaves, etc. / counter for blocks of tofu; counter for servings in a restaurant / counter for long and narrow things such as guns, scissors, spades, hoes, inksticks, palanquins, candles, jinrikishas, shamisen, oars, etc. / even number / 109.09 m
  • いのしし《猪》 wild boar
  • 知【ち】 wisdom / jnana (higher knowledge)
  • 痴【ち】 foolishness; fool / moha (ignorance, folly)
  • 若【わか】 youth / child (esp. of the young son of someone of high social standing) / young; new
  • 宙【ちゅう】 space; air; midair / (from) memory; (by) heart
  • 忠【ちゅう】 loyalty; devotion; fidelity; faithfulness / inspector of the Imperial Prosecuting and Investigating Office (ritsuryo system)
  • 暖【だん】 warming; warmth
  • 玉【たま】 ball; sphere; globe; orb / bead (of sweat, dew, etc.); drop; droplet / ball (in sports) / pile (of noodles, etc.) / bullet / bulb (i.e. a light bulb) / lens (of glasses, etc.) / bead (of an abacus) / ball (i.e. a testicle) / gem; jewel (esp. spherical; sometimes used figuratively); pearl / female entertainer (e.g. a geisha) / person (when commenting on their nature); character / item, funds or person used as part of a plot / egg / coin / precious; beautiful; excellent
  • 卓【たく】 table; desk / counter for tables, desks, etc. / offering table before an altar (sometimes used in tea ceremony) / tabletop incense burner
  • 択【たく】 counter for choices, options, etc.
  • 沢【さわ】 swamp; marsh / mountain stream; valley; dale
  • 諾【だく】 agreement; assent / Norway
  • ただ《唯》 ordinary; common; usual / free of charge / unaffected; as is; safe / only; merely; just; simply / but; however; nevertheless
  • ただ《唯》 ordinary; common; usual / free of charge / unaffected; as is; safe / only; merely; just; simply / but; however; nevertheless
  • 辰【たつ】 fifth sign of the Chinese zodiac (The Dragon, 7am-9am, east-southeast, March)
  • 脱【だつ】 de- (indicating reversal, removal, etc.); post-
  • 巽【そん】 xun (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: wind, southeast)
  • 棚【たな】 shelf; shelves; ledge; rack / trellis
  • 丹【に】 red earth (i.e. containing cinnabar or minium); vermilion
  • 嘆【たん】 sigh / grief; lamentation
  • そば《側》 near; close; beside; vicinity; proximity; besides; while / third person
  • 肝【きも】 liver; innards / courage; spirit; pluck; guts / crux; essential point
  • 壇【だん】 platform; podium; rostrum; pulpit / (ceremonial) mound / world (of haiku, art, etc.); (literary) circles / mandala
  • 隊【たい】 party; group; crew; team; body / company (of troops); corps; unit; squad
  • 眉墨【まゆずみ】 eyebrow pencil / blackened eyebrows / (metaphorically) distant mountain range
  • たい《鯛》 sea bream (Sparidae); porgy / tai (species of reddish-brown Pacific sea bream, Pagrus major)
  • 第【だい】 prefix for forming ordinal numbers
  • たか《鷹》 falcon (Falconidae spp.); hawk
  • 滝【たき】 waterfall / rapids
  • 体【てい】 appearance; air; condition; state; form
  • タイ《泰》 Thailand
  • 胎【たい】 womb
  • 駄【だ】 poor; low-grade; trivial; insignificant; worthless / load; pack; horse load / packhorse
  • 操【みさお】 fidelity; honour; honor; constancy / chastity (of a woman); faithfulness (e.g. to one's husband)
  • 巣【す】 nest; rookery; breeding place; hive / den / haunt / (spider's) web
  • 船【ふね】 ship; boat; watercraft; vessel; steamship / tank; tub; vat; trough / counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
  • 綜【あぜ】 warp controller (on a loom)
  • 荘【しょう】 manor; villa
  • 青【あお】 blue; azure / green / green light (traffic) / black (horse coat color) / immature; unripe; young
  • 藻【も】 algae; waterweed; seaweed; duckweed
  • 霜【しも】 frost
  • 即【そく】 instantly; immediately; at once / that is (to say); namely
  • 俗【ぞく】 layman (esp. as opposed to a Buddhist monk); laity; man of the world; the world / local manners; modern customs / common; popular / vulgar; low
  • 属【ぞく】 genus / generic
  • 仇【あだ】 foe; enemy; rival / resentment; enmity; grudge / harm; injury
  • 元【もと】 origin; source / base; basis; foundation; root / cause / ingredient; material / (somebody's) side; (somebody's) location / original cost (or capital, principal, etc.) / (plant) root; (tree) trunk / first section of a waka / counter for blades of grass, tree trunks, etc., and for falcons (in falconry) / handle (chopsticks, brush, etc.); grip
  • 僧【そう】 monk; priest
  • 傷【きず】 wound; injury; cut; gash; bruise; scratch; scrape; scar / chip; crack; scratch; nick / flaw; defect; weakness; weak point / stain (on one's reputation); disgrace; dishonor; dishonour / (emotional) hurt; hurt feelings
  • 蔵【くら】 warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown; depository; treasury; elevator
  • 喪【も】 mourning
  • 壮【そう】 vibrancy; strength; bravery; manliness / (esp. of men) one's prime (approx. age 30)
  • あたら《可惜》 alas; regrettably; to my great regret; tragically
  • 柝【たく】 wooden clappers (signalling the beginning or end of a performance)
  • 拙【せつ】 poor; weak / I; me
  • 節【ふし】 joint; knuckle / tune; melody / knot (in wood); node in a bamboo stem / part; notable characteristic
  • 舌【した】 tongue / tongue-like object; clapper (of a bell); talon (of a lock)
  • 仙【せん】 hermit; wizard
  • 扇【おうぎ】 folding fan
  • 栓【せん】 stopper; cork; stopcock
  • 染め【そめ】 dyeing; printing
  • 繊【せん】 daikon julienne; julienned daikon / one ten-millionth
  • 薦【こも】 woven straw mat (orig. made of wild rice leaves) / beggar / Manchurian wild rice (Zizania latifolia)
  • 銭【せん】 hundredth of a yen / coin made of non-precious materials / one-thousandth of a kan (as a unit of currency) / one-thousandth of a kan (as a unit of mass)
  • 銑【ずく】 pig iron
  • 善【ぜん】 good; goodness; right; virtue
  • やや《稍》 a little; partially; somewhat; slightly; semi-; -ish; on the ... side; a short time; a while
  • 禅【ぜん】 dhyana (profound meditation) / Zen (Buddhism)
  • 疎【そ】 sparse / distant (of a relationship); estranged; alienated
  • 礎【いしずえ】 foundation stone; cornerstone
  • 租【そ】 rice tax (ritsuryo system); rice levy; tax on rice fields / annual tribute; annual tax
  • ほぼ《略》 almost; roughly; approximately
  • 斉【せい】 Qi (kingdom in China during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Period of the Warring States); Ch'i
  • 贄【にえ】 offering (to the gods, emperor, etc.) / gift / sacrifice
  • 盛り【もり】 serving (of food); helping / chilled soba served on a dish (often on a wicker basket or in a shallow steaming basket) with dipping sauce
  • 聖【せい】 Saint; St.; S. / sacred; holy; pure
  • 製【せい】 -made; make
  • 誠【まこと】 truth; reality / sincerity; honesty; integrity; fidelity / that's right
  • 枢【くるる】 pivot hinge (using extensions on the top & bottom of a door that fit into cavities in the frame) / sliding wooden bolt (for holding a door or window shut)
  • ひよこ《雛》 young bird; chick / hina doll; doll displayed during the Girls' Festival / green; wet behind the ears; juvenile
  • 杉【すぎ】 Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica)
  • 寸【すん】 sun (approx. 3.03 cm)
  • 瀬【せ】 shallows; shoal / rapids; current; torrent / position; place / chance; opportunity
  • 畝【うね】 ridge (in field); row of raised earth when planting crops / rib (cloth, mountains, sea); cord (e.g. corduroy)
  • これ《此れ》 this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic) / this person (usu. indicating someone in one's in-group) / now / here / I (me) / certainly
  • しちょう《四丁》 ladder (in go)
  • 酢【す】 vinegar
  • 四手【しで】 zigzag-shaped paper streamer often used to adorn Shinto-related objects / hornbeam (deciduous tree in the birch family)
  • 帥【そち】 director of the Dazaifu
  • 眠り【ねむり】 sleep; sleeping / inactivity / death
  • 粋【いき】 chic; smart; stylish; tasteful; refined; sophisticated; worldly (esp. in terms of being familiar with the red light district, geishas and actors) / considerate; understanding; sympathetic / essence; the best; the cream
  • 緑【みどり】 green / greenery (esp. fresh verdure)
  • 終【つい】 end; final / end of life; death / never; not at all
  • 重り【おもり】 weight / sinker (fishing)
  • 瑞【みず】 youth; freshness; purity; luster (lustre); beauty / good omen / Sweden / Switzerland
  • 髄【ずい】 medulla; marrow; pith
  • 嵩【かさ】 bulk; volume; quantity
  • 嬢【じょう】 unmarried woman / Miss / -ess; -ette
  • 筋【すじ】 muscle; tendon; sinew / vein; artery / fiber; fibre; string / line; stripe; streak / reason; logic / plot; storyline / lineage; descent / school (e.g. of scholarship or arts) / aptitude; talent / source (of information, etc.); circle; channel / well-informed person (in a transaction) / logical move (in go, shogi, etc.) / ninth vertical line / seam on a helmet / gristly fish paste (made of muscle, tendons, skin, etc.) / social position; status / on (a river, road, etc.); along / counter for long thin things; counter for roads or blocks when giving directions / (Edo period) counter for hundreds of mon (obsolete unit of currency)
  • 穣【じょう】 10^28; ten octillion
  • 錠【じょう】 lock; padlock / tablet; lozenge; pill
  • 織り【おり】 weave; weaving; woven item
  • 恥【はじ】 shame; embarrassment; disgrace
  • 唇【くちびる】 lips
  • 晋【しん】 Jin (dynasty of China, 265-420 CE)
  • はしばみ《榛》 Asian hazel (Corylus heterophylla var. thunbergii); Siberian hazel
  • 秦【しん】 Qin (dynasty of China; 221-206 BCE); Ch'in
  • 薪【まき】 firewood; kindling; fuel / piece(s) of firewood
  • 仁【じん】 benevolence (esp. as a virtue of Confucianism); consideration; compassion; humanity; charity / human / kernel / nucleolus
  • 刃【は】 edge (of a knife or sword) / prong (of an electrical plug)
  • 尋【ひろ】 fathom
  • 尽【じん】 last day (of the month)
  • 陣【じん】 battle formation / camp; encampment; position / group; gang; party; corps / war; battle; campaign
  • 冗【じょう】 uselessness
  • あまつさえ《剰え》 besides; moreover; in addition
  • 盾【たて】 shield; buckler; escutcheon; pretext
  • 巡【じゅん】 counter for tours, cycles, rounds, circuits, etc.
  • 暑【しょ】 heat / midsummer
  • 曙【あけぼの】 dawn; daybreak; beginning
  • 渚【なぎさ】 water's edge; beach; shore
  • ついで《序で》 opportunity; occasion
  • 傷【きず】 wound; injury; cut; gash; bruise; scratch; scrape; scar / chip; crack; scratch; nick / flaw; defect; weakness; weak point / stain (on one's reputation); disgrace; dishonor; dishonour / (emotional) hurt; hurt feelings
  • 匠【たくみ】 workman; artisan; mechanic; carpenter / craft; skill / means; idea
  • 升【ます】 measuring container; measure / box (seating at a theatre, etc.) / square on a grid; cell of a grid / square bearing block (at the top of a pillar)
  • 宵【よい】 evening; early night hours
  • なお《尚》 furthermore; still; yet; more; still more; in addition; greater; further
  • 荘【しょう】 manor; villa
  • 抄【しょう】 excerpt; extract / annotation / shou (unit of volume, approx. 1.8 ml)
  • 手のひら【てのひら】 palm (of one's hand)
  • 松【まつ】 pine tree (Pinus spp.) / highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
  • 梢【こずえ】 treetop; tip of a branch
  • 沼【ぬま】 marsh; swamp; wetland; bog; pond
  • 症【しょう】 illness
  • 称【しょう】 name / reputation
  • 衝【しょう】 important point (e.g. on a route) / important role (responsibility, etc.) / opposition
  • 印【しるし】 mark; sign / symbol; emblem / badge; crest; flag / evidence; proof / token (of gratitude, affection, etc.)
  • 勅【ちょく】 imperial decree; imperial edict
  • 鐘【かね】 bell (often a large hanging bell); chime
  • 丈【たけ】 height; stature / length (esp. of clothing) / all (one has); everything / magnificence (of a waka poem, etc.)
  • 準【じゅん】 semi-; quasi-; associate
  • 旬【しゅん】 season (e.g. fruit, fish) / in vogue; popular; fresh; up to date
  • 縮【しゅく】 wearing armour (armor) / counter for suits of armour
  • 塾【じゅく】 coaching school; cramming school; juku
  • つくづく《熟》 deeply; keenly; severely; completely; utterly / intently; carefully; closely; attentively
  • 俊【しゅん】 excellence; genius
  • 臭【しゅう】 -smell; stinking of / smacking of; hinting of
  • 衆【しゅう】 great numbers (of people); numerical superiority; masses / people; folk; clique; bunch
  • 重ね【かさね】 pile; heap; layers (e.g. of clothing); set (e.g. of boxes); course (e.g. of stones) / counter for things that are stacked, piled up (or layered, etc.) / layers of clothing worn under one's overcoat / combination of colors created by layering of garments (colours)
  • 醜【しゅう】 ugliness
  • 従【じゅう】 subordinate; secondary; junior; incidental
  • 汁【しる】 juice; sap / soup; broth / (dipping) sauce
  • 渋【しぶ】 astringent (puckery) juice (of unripe persimmons)
  • 獣【けもの】 beast; brute; animal
  • 縦【たて】 the vertical; height / front-to-back; length / north-to-south / vertical (relationship); hierarchy / (weaving) warp
  • 銃【じゅう】 gun; rifle; small arms
  • 趣【おもむき】 meaning; tenor; gist / effect; influence / appearance; aspect / taste / grace; charm; refinement
  • 儒【じゅ】 Confucianism; Confucianist; Chinese scholar
  • 寿【ことぶき】 congratulations; felicitations; best wishes / longevity; long life
  • 木【き】 tree; shrub; bush / wood; timber
  • 宗【しゅう】 sect
  • 州【しゅう】 state; province; county; oblast; department (of ancient China) / continent / dear
  • 秀【しゅう】 preeminence; superlativeness
  • 赤【あか】 red; crimson; scarlet / red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange) / Red (i.e. communist) / red light (traffic) / red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red / complete; total; perfect; obvious / copper
  • 異【こと】 difference (from one another); different thing; other / unusual; extraordinary
  • 狩り【かり】 hunting / harvesting (e.g. berries, fruit); picking; gathering
  • 玉【たま】 ball; sphere; globe; orb / bead (of sweat, dew, etc.); drop; droplet / ball (in sports) / pile (of noodles, etc.) / bullet / bulb (i.e. a light bulb) / lens (of glasses, etc.) / bead (of an abacus) / ball (i.e. a testicle) / gem; jewel (esp. spherical; sometimes used figuratively); pearl / female entertainer (e.g. a geisha) / person (when commenting on their nature); character / item, funds or person used as part of a plot / egg / coin / precious; beautiful; excellent
  • 寂【さび】 patina; antique look / elegant simplicity / well-trained voice
  • 射【しゃ】 archery / mapping / map; morphism; arrow
  • 斜め【ななめ】 slanting; tilted; sloping; diagonal; oblique / distorted (feeling); slanted (e.g. view of the world); bad (mood); amiss; awry
  • 煮【に】 simmered with; cooked with / boiling; boiled dish
  • 紗【しゃ】 (silk) gauze
  • 蛇【へび】 snake / serpent; large snake
  • 邪【よこしま】 wicked; evil
  • 勺【しゃく】 shaku; traditional unit of volume, approx. 18 ml / shaku; traditional unit of area, approx. 0.033 meters square
  • 尺【しゃく】 shaku (unit of distance approximately equal to 30.3 cm) / rule; measure; scale / length
  • 爵【しゃく】 jue (ancient 3-legged Chinese wine pitcher, usu. made of bronze) / peerage (hereditary title bestowed by the emperor)
  • 酌【しゃく】 pouring alcohol; person pouring alcohol
  • 芝【しば】 lawn; sod; turf
  • 舎【しゃ】 hut; house / (in the ancient Chinese army) one day's march (approx. 12.2 km)
  • 潮【しお】 tide; current / sea water / opportunity; chance / thin soup of fish or shellfish boiled in seawater
  • 鹿【しか】 deer (esp. the sika deer, Cervus nippon); cervid
  • 軸【じく】 axis; shaft; axle / center; centre; focal point; key point / stalk; stem / hanging scroll
  • 弓【たらし】 bow (and arrow; esp. of a noble)
  • 七【しち】 seven / hepta-
  • 視【し】 visual; vision
  • 歌【うた】 song / classical Japanese poetry (esp. tanka) / modern poetry
  • 賜物【たまもの】 gift; boon / (good) result; fruit (e.g. of one's efforts)
  • めす《雌》 female (animal)
  • 侍【さむらい】 warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period); samurai / man in attendance (on a person of high standing); retainer
  • 汝【なんじ】 thou; you
  • 璽【じ】 emperor's seal
  • 旨【むね】 principle; aim; main purpose; central part; pillar / purport; gist; drift; meaning / instructions; orders; intention; wishes
  • 氏【し】 Mr; Mrs; Ms; Miss / clan / he; him / counter for people
  • 紫【むらさき】 purple; violet / Lithospermum erythrorhizon (species of gromwell) / type of soy sauce
  • 足【あし】 foot / leg / gait / pace / bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji / means of transportation / money; coin
  • 至【し】 to ...
  • 官【つかさ】 office; official / chief; head / (Yaeyama Islands in Okinawa) person (usually a woman) whose duty it is to officiate at religions ceremonies
  • 侍【さむらい】 warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period); samurai / man in attendance (on a person of high standing); retainer
  • 姿【すがた】 figure; form; shape / appearance; dress; guise / state; condition; picture; image / form (of a waka) / dressed in ...; wearing ...
  • 志【こころざし】 will; resolution; intention; ambition; aim; goal / kindness; goodwill; kind offer / gift (as a token of gratitude)
  • 傘【かさ】 umbrella; parasol / something shaped like an umbrella or a conical hat; shade (of a lamp); mushroom cap; pileus
  • 惨【さん】 appalling
  • 懸け橋【かけはし】 suspension bridge; viaduct; temporary bridge / mediation; go-between
  • 燦【さん】 brilliant; resplendant
  • 蚕【かいこ】 silkworm (Bombyx mori)
  • 酢【す】 vinegar
  • 策【さく】 plan; policy; means; measure; stratagem; scheme
  • 索【さく】 rope; cord
  • 擦り【こすり】 rubbing; scrubbing; scraping
  • 桜【さくら】 cherry tree; cherry blossom / decoy; fake buyer; shill / hired applauder / horse meat
  • 笹【ささ】 bamboo grass; generally smaller species of running bamboo that do not shed their sheaths (e.g. Sasa spp.)
  • 裁【さい】 judge
  • 載【さい】 10^44; hundred tredecillion
  • 剤【ざい】 medicine; agent; (chemical) substance; drug; dose
  • 冴え【さえ】 clearness; clarity / skillfulness (skilfulness)
  • 岬【みさき】 cape (on coast)
  • 削【さく】 plane; sharpen; whittle; pare; shave (leather); scrape off; crossout; reduce; curtail
  • 一日【ついたち】 first day of the month / first ten days of the lunar month
  • 砂【すな】 sand; grit / gold dust; silver dust
  • 鎖【くさり】 chain; chains
  • 債【さい】 debt; loan
  • かな《哉》 how!; what!; alas!
  • 采【さい】 dice; die / baton (of command)
  • 祝い【いわい】 congratulation; congratulations; celebration; festival; congratulatory gift
  • くびき《頸木》 yoke / constraints; oppression
  • 貢【こう】 tribute
  • 鋼【はがね】 steel
  • うなじ《項》 nape (of the neck); nucha
  • ひしくい《鴻》 bean goose (Anser fabalis)
  • 剛【ごう】 strong; hard; manly
  • 剛【ごう】 strong; hard; manly
  • 酷【こく】 severe; harsh; stringent; rigorous; strict; unfair
  • 獄【ごく】 jail; gaol; prison
  • ねんごろ《懇ろ》 kind; courteous; hospitable; warmly respectful / intimate / becoming intimate; having an intimate relationship (sometimes esp. a homosexual relationship)
  • 紺【こん】 navy blue; deep blue
  • 魂【こん】 Yang energy; spirit
  • 江【え】 inlet; bay
  • 溝【こう】 10^32; hundred nonillion
  • 甲【きのえ】 first sign of the Chinese calendar
  • 稿【こう】 manuscript; version; draft
  • 綱【つな】 rope / grand champion's braided belt
  • いたわり《労り》 sympathy; consideration; carefulness; attention / service; labor; labour; trouble; meritorious deed / illness; disease; sickness
  • 後【ご】 after
  • 坑【こう】 pit (esp. of a mine)
  • 穴【あな】 hole / deficit; shortage; missing person (in a team, meeting, etc.) / vacancy; opening / flaw / profitable place (or item, etc.) not well known by others / upset victory (with a large payoff) / pit (of a theater) / hiding place / underbelly (of society, etc.)
  • 孝【こう】 filial piety
  • 抗【こう】 anti-
  • 我【われ】 I; me / oneself / you / prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
  • 碁【ご】 go; board game of capturing territory
  • 鯉【こい】 common carp (Cyprinus carpio); koi carp
  • 侯【こう】 marquis; lord; daimyo
  • 胡【こ】 barbarian tribes surrounding ancient China
  • 虎【とら】 tiger (Panthera tigris) / drunkard; drunk; sot
  • 鼓【つづみ】 hand drum
  • 五【ご】 five
  • 豆汁【ご】 go; soy beans soaked and mashed to a creamy paste (ingredient of tofu and soy milk)
  • 弦【つる】 bowstring / string (of shamisen, guitar, violin, etc.) / bail (arched pot handle) / diagonal levelling wire across the top of a masu
  • 孤児【こじ】 orphan
  • 俺【おれ】 I; me
  • 弧【こ】 arc
  • 元【もと】 former; ex-; past; one-time
  • 桂【かつら】 katsura (Cercidiphyllum japonicum); Japanese Judas tree
  • 谷【たに】 valley
  • 系【けい】 system; lineage; group / corollary / system (range of strata that correspond to a particular time period) / (taxonomical) series
  • 茎【くき】 stalk; stem
  • ほたる《蛍》 firefly (Luciola cruciata); lightning bug; glowworm
  • 鶏【にわとり】 (domestic) chicken / chicken (meat)
  • くじら《鯨》 whale (Cetacea spp.)
  • 激【げき】 extremely ...
  • 穴【あな】 hole / deficit; shortage; missing person (in a team, meeting, etc.) / vacancy; opening / flaw / profitable place (or item, etc.) not well known by others / upset victory (with a large payoff) / pit (of a theater) / hiding place / underbelly (of society, etc.)
  • 倹【けん】 economizing; thriftiness; prudence; frugality
  • 兼【けん】 cum (e.g. bedroom-cum-study); holding both roles (e.g. Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs); and; in addition; concurrently; at the same time
  • 剣【けん】 sword (originally esp. a doubled-edged sword); sabre; saber; blade / bayonet / swordsmanship / stinger; ovipositor; dart
  • 圏【けん】 sphere; circle; range / category (in the context of category theory)
  • 堅【けん】 strength; solidity; firmness / armour; armor
  • 嫌【いや】 disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
  • 掛け【かけ】 credit / money owed on an account; bill / hot noodles in broth / proportion (of wholesale price, as tenths of list price) / in the midst of / rest; rack; hanger
  • 拳【こぶし】 fist
  • 絹【きぬ】 silk
  • 露【あらわ】 exposed; scanty; bare; unconcealed; naked / public; open
  • 厳【げん】 strict; stern
  • 幻【まぼろし】 phantom; vision; illusion; dream; apparition
  • 弦【つる】 bowstring / string (of shamisen, guitar, violin, etc.) / bail (arched pot handle) / diagonal levelling wire across the top of a masu
  • 源【みなもと】 source (of a river); fountainhead / source; origin; root
  • 道【みち】 road; path; street; lane; passage / route; way / distance; journey / road (e.g. to victory); course / way (of living, proper conduct, etc.); moral principles / teachings (esp. Confucian or Buddhist); dogma / field (e.g. of medicine); subject; speciality / means; way; method
  • 恵【え】 wisdom; enlightenment / prajñā (one of the three divisions of the noble eightfold path); wisdom
  • 恵【え】 wisdom; enlightenment / prajñā (one of the three divisions of the noble eightfold path); wisdom
  • 憩い【いこい】 rest; relaxation
  • 筋【すじ】 muscle; tendon; sinew / vein; artery / fiber; fibre; string / line; stripe; streak / reason; logic / plot; storyline / lineage; descent / school (e.g. of scholarship or arts) / aptitude; talent / source (of information, etc.); circle; channel / well-informed person (in a transaction) / logical move (in go, shogi, etc.) / ninth vertical line / seam on a helmet / gristly fish paste (made of muscle, tendons, skin, etc.) / social position; status / on (a river, road, etc.); along / counter for long thin things; counter for roads or blocks when giving directions / (Edo period) counter for hundreds of mon (obsolete unit of currency)
  • せり《芹》 Java water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica); Japanese parsley
  • 菌【きん】 fungus / germ; bacterium; bacillus
  • 襟【えり】 collar; lapel; neckband; neck / nape of the neck; scruff of the neck
  • 襟【えり】 collar; lapel; neckband; neck / nape of the neck; scruff of the neck
  • 句【く】 section (i.e. of text); sentence; passage; paragraph / phrase / verse (of 5 or 7 mora in Japanese poetry; of 4, 5, or 7 characters in Chinese poetry) / haiku; first 17 morae of a renga, etc. / maxim; saying; idiom; expression
  • 九【きゅう】 nine
  • 矩【く】 quadrature
  • 駒【こま】 piece (in shogi, chess, etc.) / horse; foal / bridge (of a violin, etc.)
  • 愚【ぐ】 foolishness; silliness; stupidity; folly / I; me
  • 恐れ【おそれ】 fear; horror; anxiety; concern; uneasiness
  • 熊【くま】 bear (any mammal of family Ursidae)
  • くり《栗》 Japanese chestnut (Castanea crenata)
  • 桑【くわ】 mulberry (tree)
  • 勲【いさお】 distinguished service; meritorious service
  • 香り【かおり】 aroma; fragrance; scent; smell
  • 郡【ぐん】 district; county / district (of 2-20 50-home neighbourhoods or townships, in the ritsuryo period)
  • 刑【けい】 penalty; sentence; punishment
  • 狂【きょう】 (some type of) enthusiast / somebody possessed of a (certain kind of) mental abnormality
  • 狭【せ】 narrowness; being cramped; being almost full
  • 興【きょう】 interest; entertainment; pleasure / implicit comparison (style of the Shi Jing)
  • 里【さと】 village; hamlet / countryside; country / home (of one's parents, etc.); hometown / one's origins; one's upbringing; one's past
  • 鏡【かがみ】 mirror; looking-glass / barrel head
  • 響き【ひびき】 echo; reverberation / sound (esp. the distinctive sound of an object or activity, e.g. rain, gun, gallop, drum); noise / quality of a sound (e.g. a fine phrase, clear voice, resonant bell); feeling of a sound; emotion or feeling inspired by something heard or read
  • しこり《凝り》 muscle stiffness (esp. in shoulders) / lump (in tissue, esp. breast); swelling; hardening; lesion / lingering discomfort; uneasiness; bad aftertaste; unpleasant feeling
  • 暁【あかつき】 dawn; daybreak / event (e.g. "in the event of ..."); occasion; occurrence
  • 桐【きり】 paulownia tree; Paulownia tomentosa
  • 錦【にしき】 brocade / fine dress; fine clothes
  • 斤【きん】 unit of weight ~600g / pound (unit of mass: 453.6g) / loaf (of bread)
  • 琴【こと】 koto (13-stringed Japanese zither) / stringed instrument / zheng (Chinese zither); guzheng
  • 峡【かい】 gorge; ravine
  • よりどころ《拠り所》 grounds; foundation; authority / support; prop; something upon which to rely
  • 空【そら】 sky; the air; the heavens / weather / far-off place; distant place / state of mind; feeling / (from) memory; (by) heart / falsehood; lie / somehow; vaguely / fake
  • 蹴爪【けづめ】 fetlock (horse, etc.); spur (chicken, etc.); cockspur; dewclaw (dog, etc.)
  • 凶【きょう】 bad luck; bad fortune / evil; wickedness
  • まれ《稀》 rare; seldom
  • 紀【き】 period / Nihon-shoki
  • 尊【とうと】 value; preciousness; nobility
  • 騎【き】 counter for horsemen
  • 鬼【おに】 oni; ogre; demon / spirit of a deceased person / ogre-like person (i.e. fierce, relentless, merciless, etc.) / it (in a game of tag, hide-and-seek, etc.) / Chinese "ghost" constellation (one of the 28 mansions) / very; extremely; super-
  • 亀【かめ】 tortoise; turtle / heavy drinker / turtle crest; turtle mon
  • 偽【にせ】 imitation; fake; phony; counterfeit; forged; bogus; sham / pseudo-
  • 儀【ぎ】 ceremony / matter; affair / with regard to; as for; as concerns
  • 宜【むべ】 truly; indeed
  • 戯【あじゃら】 pleasantry; joke; tomfoolery
  • もどき《擬き》 -like; pseudo-; mock ...; imitation ...; in the style of ... / comical character who mocks or apes the main character (in Japanese performing arts) / criticism; censure
  • 義【ぎ】 morality; righteousness; justice; honour (honor) / meaning / teachings; doctrine / nonconsanguineous relationship (i.e. of in-laws) / prosthesis
  • よしみ《誼》 friendship; friendly relations; connection; relation; intimacy
  • 菊【きく】 chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)
  • 鞠【まり】 ball (for sport, games, etc.) / kemari; type of football played by courtiers in ancient Japan
  • 吉【きち】 good fortune (esp. omikuji fortune-telling result); good luck; auspiciousness
  • 橘【たちばな】 tachibana (Citrus tachibana)
  • 足【あし】 foot / leg / gait / pace / bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji / means of transportation / money; coin
  • 丘【おか】 hill; height; knoll; rising ground / bonus points awarded to the winner at the end of a game
  • 宮【みや】 shrine / palace; imperial residence / member of the imperial family / headboard (on a bed); headstand / temple
  • 弓【ゆみ】 bow (and arrow) / archery / bow (for a violin, etc.)
  • 級【きゅう】 class (e.g. school); grade; rank / kyū; kyu; junior rank in martial arts, go, shogi, etc.
  • 奇【き】 strange; unconventional
  • 巷【ちまた】 the public; the street (e.g. "word on the street") / street; district; quarters / location (e.g. of a battle); scene (e.g. of carnage) / divide (e.g. between life and death) / fork (in a road); crossroads
  • 忌み【いみ】 mourning; abstinence / taboo / religious purification / pure; holy
  • 旗【はた】 flag / pataka (banner)
  • 碁【ご】 go; board game of capturing territory
  • 器【うつわ】 bowl; vessel; container / ability; capacity; calibre; caliber
  • 元【もと】 origin; source / base; basis; foundation; root / cause / ingredient; material / (somebody's) side; (somebody's) location / original cost (or capital, principal, etc.) / (plant) root; (tree) trunk / first section of a waka / counter for blades of grass, tree trunks, etc., and for falcons (in falconry) / handle (chopsticks, brush, etc.); grip
  • 暇【ひま】 spare time; free time; leisure / time (e.g. time it takes to do something) / time off; day off; vacation; holiday; leave / quitting (one's job); firing someone; divorcing (one's spouse) / (of one's time) free; (of one's business) slow / leaving; departing
  • 岩【いわ】 rock; boulder / crag; cliff / anchor
  • 目【め】 eye; eyeball / eyesight; sight; vision / look; stare; glance / an experience / viewpoint / stitch; texture; weave / ordinal number suffix / somewhat; -ish
  • 頑な【かたくな】 obstinate; stubborn; mulish; die-hard; bigoted
  • 技【わざ】 technique; art; skill
  • 鑑【かがみ】 model; pattern
  • 肝【きも】 liver; innards / courage; spirit; pluck; guts / crux; essential point
  • 艦【かん】 warship
  • ふとい《太藺》 softstem bulrush (Scirpus tabernaemontani)
  • 貫【かん】 kan (obs. unit of weight, approx. 3.75 kg, 8.3 lb) / kan (obs. unit of currency) / pieces of sushi
  • くさび《楔》 wedge; chock; linchpin; lynchpin / tie; bond
  • かば《樺》 birch (esp. Japanese white birch)
  • 株【かぶ】 stock; share / stump / root; rootstock / strain (of bacteria, etc.) / tradeable rank; goodwill / one's forte
  • 鎌【かま】 sickle / sickle-and-chain (weapon) / spear with curved cross-blades / gooseneck tenon and mortise joint / noisiness / part of a fish around the gills
  • 茅【かや】 grass used for thatching; sedge used for thatching
  • 刈【かり】 cut; clip; shear; reap; trim; prune
  • 冠【かんむり】 traditional cap worn by Shinto clergy and courtiers / crown; diadem; coronet / top kanji radical / first verse of a haikai, etc. / best; peerless; first / name; title; named sponsorship of a program, event, team, etc.
  • 勘【かん】 perception; intuition; the sixth sense
  • 寛【かん】 lenient; gentle
  • 幹【みき】 (tree) trunk; (arrow) shaft; (tool) handle; backbone; base
  • 棺【かん】 coffin; casket
  • 款【かん】 title; heading; article / benevolence; friendly feeling
  • 歓【かん】 joy; enjoyment; delight; pleasure
  • 輪【わ】 ring; circle; loop / hoop / wheel / circle (e.g. of friends)
  • 監【げん】 special Nara-period administrative division for areas containing a detached palace (Yoshino and Izumi) / secretary; third highest-ranking officials in the Dazaifu
  • 戒【かい】 admonition; commandment / sila (precept)
  • 先駆け【さきがけ】 pioneer; leader; taking the initiative; forerunner; harbinger; herald / leading an attack; charging ahead of others (towards the enemy)
  • 涯【はて】 horizon
  • 町【まち】 town; block; neighbourhood; neighborhood / street; road / 109.09 m / 0.99 hectares / downtown; main street
  • 該【がい】 said; matter in question
  • 垣【かき】 fence; hedge; barrier; wall; railing
  • 核【かく】 pit (of a fruit); stone / core / nucleus; nuclear / nuclear weaponry / kernel
  • 殻【から】 shell; husk; hull; pod; chaff
  • 廓【くるわ】 district; quarter / enclosure; area enclosed by earthwork / red-light district / wide and empty
  • 隔【かく】 every other; second; alternate
  • 岳【たけ】 peak / mountain
  • 潟【かた】 lagoon
  • 喝【かつ】 exclamation used to scold practitioners (in Zen) / scolding or threatening with a shout
  • 渇【かつ】 thirst
  • 怪【かい】 mystery; wonder
  • 懐【ふところ】 bosom; bust / (breast) pocket; purse; handbag
  • 塊【かたまり】 lump; mass; bundle; clump; clod; cluster / group; crowd / embodiment (of an idea, quality, feeling etc.); personification
  • 韻【いん】 rhyme
  • 卯【う】 fourth sign of the Chinese zodiac (The Hare, 5am-7am, east, February)
  • 丑【うし】 second sign of the Chinese zodiac (The Ox, 1am-3am, north-northeast, December)
  • 渦【うず】 whirlpool; swirl; eddy; vortex; maelstrom
  • 歌【うた】 song / classical Japanese poetry (esp. tanka) / modern poetry
  • 浦【うら】 inlet / seashore; beach
  • 影【かげ】 shadow; silhouette; figure; shape / reflection; image / ominous sign / light (stars, moon) / trace; shadow (of one's former self)
  • ますます《益々》 increasingly; more and more; decreasingly (when declining); less and less
  • 悦【えつ】 self-satisfaction; rejoicing
  • 閲【えつ】 inspection (esp. of a document); stamp of approval (for a document)
  • 宴【うたげ】 party; banquet; feast
  • 炎【ほのお】 flame; blaze / flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
  • さる《猿》 monkey (esp. the Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata); ape; non-human primate / sly person / idiot; hick / sliding wooden bolt (for holding a door or window shut) / clasp used to control the height of a pot-hook / bathhouse prostitute
  • 縁【ふち】 rim; brim; edge; brink
  • 艶【つや】 gloss; luster; lustre; shine; sheen; polish / mellowness (of a voice); youthfulness (e.g. of skin) / interest; appeal; charm; color; colour; feeling / romance; love; sexiness
  • 園【その】 garden (esp. man-made); orchard; park; plantation / place; location
  • 鉛【なまり】 lead (Pb)
  • おいて《於て》 at; in; on
  • 凹【おう】 concave; hollow; sunken
  • 応【おう】 agreement; affirmative / aye; yes; OK; okay; yeah; all right
  • 翁【おう】 old man; venerable gentleman / venerable; old; father
  • 沖【おき】 open sea
  • 乙【おつ】 second (party to an agreement); the B party (e.g. in a contract); the latter; defendant / stylish; chic; spicy; witty; tasty; romantic / strange; quaint; queer / thank you; good job; goodbye; goodnight
  • 卸【おろし】 wholesale
  • 恩【おん】 favour; favor; obligation; debt of gratitude
  • 仮【かり】 temporary; provisional; interim / fictitious; assumed (name); alias / hypothetical; theoretical
  • 伽【とぎ】 nursing; nurse; attending; attendant; entertainer
  • 値【あたい】 price; cost / value; worth; merit / value
  • 佳【か】 beautiful; good; excellent
  • 嫁【よめ】 wife; bride / (one's) daughter-in-law
  • 寡婦【かふ】 widow; divorced woman not remarried; unmarried woman
  • 暇【ひま】 spare time; free time; leisure / time (e.g. time it takes to do something) / time off; day off; vacation; holiday; leave / quitting (one's job); firing someone; divorcing (one's spouse) / (of one's time) free; (of one's business) slow / leaving; departing
  • 架【か】 rack; mount; stand
  • 災い【わざわい】 calamity; catastrophe; misfortune
  • 箇【か】 counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted); a noun read using its on-yomi
  • なす《茄子》 eggplant (Solanum melongena); aubergine
  • 花【はな】 flower; blossom; bloom; petal / cherry blossom / beauty / blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms) / ikebana / hanafuda / (the) best / glorious; lovely
  • かすみ《霞》 haze (esp. in spring); mist / dimness (of sight)
  • 蚊【か】 mosquito
  • 我が【わが】 my; our; one's own
  • 芽【め】 sprout
  • 賀【が】 congratulation
  • 雅【みやび】 refinement; elegance; grace
  • 亜【あ】 sub- / -ous (indicating a low oxidation state); -ite
  • くま《隈》 corner; nook; recess / shadow; shade / dark circles (e.g. around one's eyes)
  • あおい《葵》 mallow (any plant of family Malvaceae) / Asarum caulescens (species of wild ginger) / hollyhock
  • あかね《茜》 madder (esp. Japanese madder, Rubia argyi) / madder (red color)
  • 朝日【あさひ】 morning sun
  • あずさ《梓》 Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa) / yellow catalpa (Catalpa ovata) / Japanese mallotus (Mallotus japonicus) / printing block / catalpa bow / catalpa medium
  • あや《綾》 figure; design / twill weave; pattern of diagonal stripes / style (of writing); figure (of speech) / design; plot; plan / minor market fluctuation; technical correction / cat's cradle / lease rod (in a loom)
  • あゆ《鮎》 sweetfish (Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis); ayu / salmon
  • 机【つくえ】 desk
  • あんず《杏》 apricot (Prunus armeniaca)
  • 伊【い】 Italy
  • 縅【おどし】 leather strap binding the plates of traditional Japanese armor (armour)
  • 尉【じょう】 inspector (third highest of the four administrative ranks of the ritsuryo system) / (noh) old man / white ash (of charcoal)
  • これ《此れ》 this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic) / this person (usu. indicating someone in one's in-group) / now / here / I (me) / certainly
  • ため《為》 good; advantage; benefit; welfare / sake; purpose; objective; aim / consequence; result; effect / affecting; regarding; concerning
  • 異【い】 difference (of opinion) / strange; odd; unusual / different
  • これ《此れ》 this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic) / this person (usu. indicating someone in one's in-group) / now / here / I (me) / certainly
  • 横糸【よこいと】 weft; woof (crosswise threads on a loom)
  • 井【い】 well
  • 亥【い】 twelfth sign of the Chinese zodiac (The Boar, 9pm-11pm, north-northwest, October)
  • 磯【いそ】 (rocky) beach; seashore
  • 一【いち】 one / best / first; foremost / beginning; start / ace (playing card) / bottom string (on a shamisen, etc.)
  • 一【いっち】 most
  • 稲【いね】 rice plant
  • 芋【いも】 tuber; taro; potato / yokel; bumpkin
  • 胤【たね】 issue; offspring; paternal blood
  • 陰【かげ】 shade; shadow / other side; back; background