noun:

• mosquito

suffix:

• -ist; -er - used after a noun indicating someone's occupation, pursuits, disposition, etc. ➜ 政治家

suffix noun / counter:

• valence; valency - Chemistry term ➜ 原子価【げんしか】・イオン価【イオンか】

noun:

• addition; increase
• Canada - abbreviation ➜ 加奈陀

noun:

• rack; mount; stand

adjectival noun / noun:

• beautiful; good; excellent

noun / suffix noun:

• passable; acceptable; tolerable; fair

noun:

• ge (ancient Chinese dagger-axe)

suffix:

• action of making something; -ification ➜ 化する

suffix noun:

• day of month

counter:

• counter for days

noun:

• Xia (dynasty of China; perhaps mythological)

noun:

• condyle

counter:

• counter for grains and small spheres - archaism

suffix / ~の noun:

• under (being in said condition or environment)

noun:

• Tuesday - abbreviation ➜ 火曜
• fire (second of the five elements) ➜ 五行

noun:

• minority; small numbers Antonym: 衆【しゅう】
• unmarried person; widow; widower

suffix / counter:

• counter for loads (that can be carried on one's shoulders)

noun:

• smell (esp. a good smell); fragrance; scent; aroma; perfume - esp. 〜の香 ➜ 花の香

noun / suffix noun:

• lesson
• section (in an organization); division; department

counter:

• counter for lessons and chapters (of a book)

noun:

• fruit - archaism

suffix / counter:

• counter for fruit

noun:

• deer (esp. the sika deer, Cervus nippon); cervid

noun / suffix noun:

• department; section; faculty; school; arm
• course (of study); branch of study; specialization
• (taxonomical) family

noun:

• phala (attained state, result) - Buddhism term ➜ 因
• enlightenment (as the fruits of one's Buddhist practice) - Buddhism term ➜ 悟り
• fruit ➜ 果物

counter:

• counter for pieces of fruit

counter:

• counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted); a noun read using its on-yomi

prefix:

• surplus- (attaches to start of Sino-Japanese words); excess-; over-
• per- (chemical with more of a certain element than found in other compounds of the same constituents)

particle:

• yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it? - used at sentence-end; indicates a question (sometimes rhetorical)
• or; whether or not - after each alternative
• some- (e.g. something, someone) - after an interrogative ➜ 何か
• hmm; huh - indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.; sometimes after other particles ➜ とか

prefix:

• very - emphatic prefix; usu. before an adjective ➜ か弱い

suffix:

• -al; -ial; -ic; -ical; -ish; -y - suffix forming adjectives or adverbs; after an indeclinable word ➜ 定か

adverb:

• in that way - archaism