godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be afraid of; to fear; to dread; to be nervous (about); to be shy (of)

expression:

• walk a mile in other's shoes to understand their suffering; you can't appreciate others' suffering until you've gone through it yourself; pinch yourself and know others' pain [literal] - proverb

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to stretch; to extend; to lengthen; to grow (of hair, height, grass, etc.)
• to straighten out; to be flattened; to become smooth
• to spread (of paint, cream, etc.)
• to stretch out (e.g. of a hand); to extend
• to lose elasticity; to become slack; to become soggy (e.g. noodles)
• to make progress; to develop; to expand; to increase; to improve ［伸びる］
• to be exhausted; to be groggy; to pass out; to collapse ［伸びる］
• to be prolonged (meeting, life span, etc.); to be extended (e.g. deadline); to lengthen (e.g. of the days) ［延びる］
• to be postponed; to be delayed; to be put off ［延びる］

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to envy; to be envious (of); to be jealous (of) - Kantō dialect

noun:

• cost of goods sold; cost of sales; sales cost

adjective:

• old; aged; ancient; antiquated; antique; timeworn - of things, not people
• long; since long ago; time-honored
• of the distant past; long-ago
• stale; threadbare; hackneyed; corny
• old-fashioned; outmoded; out-of-date

noun:

• one's own effort; doing single-handedly
• a game (of go, shogi, etc.); a match
• a dance; a (musical) composition
• a company (e.g. of soldiers); a group; a party
• one hand

noun:

• dirt mound
• dirt walls on the inside of the sunken hearth in a tea room
• platform made of dirt used to perform executions (decapitations) in the Edo period

noun:

• free use

~する noun:

• to use freely; to make free use of; to have good command (e.g. of a language)
• to drive someone on

suffix:

• style; manner
• after (period of time) again (e.g. meeting again after a year); for the first time in (period of time) ➜ 久しぶり【ひさしぶり】

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to be summoned (i.e. of a geisha, by a customer)
• to be offered (the job of ...); to be invited (to do ...) - usu. as 〜の口が掛かる

expression / ichidan verb:

• to be out of focus ➜ ずれる
• to be off the point (e.g. of a plan); to have not got the point

expression / ~する verb (irregular):

• to try and do something; to attempt to do something ➜ 為る【する】・とする

noun / adjectival noun:

• the point of an argument being unclear; the tenor of an argument being poorly reasoned - four character idiom

noun:

• end (of a stick, rod, pole, etc.)
• end of a palanquin carrying pole
• palanquin bearer

adverb:

• as a test; as an experiment; by way of experiment; by way of trial; tentatively

noun:

• kanji for common use; jōyō kanji; list of 2,136 kanji established in 2010, formerly a list of 1,945 established in 1981 ➜ 当用漢字

godan ~す verb:

• to drive mad; to make insane
• to cause a malfunction; to put out of order; to throw out of kilter
• to derail (a plan, etc.)

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to go on about (one's love affairs); to speak proudly of (one's spouse, girlfriend, etc.); to speak fondly of

noun:

• skilled actor who is like a child offstage; good actor who knows but little of the ways of the world - four character idiom
• child kabuki actor - orig. meaning - archaism

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to be made an example of; to be made a victim of; to be exposed to ridicule

expression / godan ~く verb:

• to start an act (of a play); to have curtains open; to have an (event, period of history, etc.) start ➜ 幕を閉じる

noun:

• hard-liners; diehards; hawks

noun / adjectival noun:

• (young) man with traditionally masculine interests; tough boy; man's man

noun:

• hard news; reporter who covers political and economic affairs

noun / adjectival noun:

• strait-laced type (with respect to relationships)

noun:

• bullish traders

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to get (much) colder; to deepen (cold)
• to feel cold (of the body); to be chilled to the bones
• to worsen (of relations, economic conditions, etc.)

noun:

• day of disgrace (in Okinawa; April 28, after the day in 1952 in which the US occupation of mainland Japan, but not Okinawa, ended)