pronoun:

• that (indicating an item or person near the listener, the action of the listener, or something on their mind); it ➜ 何れ・此れ・彼【あれ】
• that time; then
• there (indicating a place near the listener) - archaism
• you - archaism

pronoun:

• which (of three or more) ➜ 此れ・其れ・彼【あれ】
• whichever; any - with a verb in 〜ても form ➜ どれも

interjection:

• well; now; let me see ➜ どれどれ

pronoun:

• that way (direction distant from the speaker, close to the listener) ➜ 何方【どちら】・此方【こちら】・彼方【あちら】
• there (place distant from the speaker, close to the listener)
• that one (something close to the listener)
• you; your family; your company
• that person (someone close to the listener)

noun:

• this way (direction close to the speaker or towards the speaker); this direction ➜ 何方【どちら】・其方・彼方【あちら】
• here (place close to the speaker or where the speaker is)
• this one (something physically close to the speaker)

pronoun:

• I; me; we; us
• this person (someone physically close to the speaker and of equal or higher status)

noun:

• hair (on the head)

adjectival noun / ~の noun / noun:

• a long time (since the last time); first in a long time

noun:

• futon (quilted Japanese-style mattress laid out on the floor)
• round cushion used for Zen meditation (traditionally made of woven bulrush leaves)

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to hang up (e.g. a picture on the wall); to let hang; to suspend (from); to hoist (e.g. sail); to raise (e.g. flag) ➜ 壁にかける
• to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to cover
• to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.) ➜ 眼鏡を掛ける
• to make (a call) ➜ 電話を掛ける
• to spend (time, money); to expend; to use ➜ 時間を掛ける
• to pour (liquid) onto; to sprinkle (powder or spices) onto; to splash; to throw (e.g. water) onto somebody ➜ 塩をかける
• to turn on (an engine, radio, etc.); to set (a dial, an alarm clock, etc.); to put on (a DVD, a song, etc.)
• to cause (somebody inconvenience, trouble, etc.); to burden (someone); to impose ➜ 迷惑を掛ける
• to multiply (arithmetic operation)
• to secure (e.g. lock) ➜ 鍵を掛ける
• to take a seat; to sit; to rest (something on something else); to support (something on something else) ➜ 腰を掛ける
• to bind - also 繋ける
• to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble ➜ 賭ける【かける】
• to put an effect (spell, anaesthetic, etc.) on
• to hold (a play, festival, etc.)
• to hold an emotion for (pity, hope, etc.)
• to argue (in court); to deliberate (in a meeting); to present (e.g. idea to a conference, etc.) ➜ 裁判に掛ける
• to increase further
• to catch (in a trap, etc.)
• to set atop
• to erect (a makeshift building)
• to apply (insurance) ➜ 保険を掛ける
• to pun (on a word); to use (a word) as a pivot word; to play on words ➜ 掛詞

suffix / ichidan verb:

• to be partway doing ...; to begin (but not complete) ...; to be about to ... - after -masu stem of verb ➜ 話し掛ける
• to address (someone); to direct (something, to someone); to do (something, to someone) - after -masu stem of verb; indicates (verb) is being directed to someone ➜ 話し掛ける

pre-noun adjectival:

• such (about the actions of the listener, or about ideas expressed or understood by the listener); like that; that sort of ➜ あんな・こんな・どんな

noun:

• monkey (esp. the Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata); ape; non-human primate ➜ ニホンザル
• sly person - derogatory term
• idiot; hick - derogatory term
• sliding wooden bolt (for holding a door or window shut)
• clasp used to control the height of a pot-hook ➜ 自在鉤
• bathhouse prostitute - archaism ➜ 湯女

noun / suffix noun / counter:

• time (three times, each time, etc.); times

godan ~く verb:

• to ascend (the throne); to accede ➜ 付く【つく】
• to take (seat, position, course, office, etc.); to assume; to be hired; to be employed ［就く］
• to start (on a journey); to commence; to depart ［就く］
• to study (under teacher); to be an apprentice ［就く］

noun:

• eldest son (may be the only son); first-born son

noun / suffix noun:

• (the) whole; entirety; wholly; as a whole; generally; universally

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to bury (e.g. in the ground)
• to fill up (e.g. audience fills a hall); to cause to be packed
• to plug (a gap); to stop (a gap); to bridge (a difference, a gap); to fill (a seat, a vacant position); to fill out
• to make up for (a loss, shortage, etc.); to make amends; to compensate for
• to put cold water (in a bath)
• to cover; to scatter something over

noun:

• prime minister (as the head of a cabinet government); premier ➜ 内閣総理大臣

adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• Middle Ages (in Japan esp. the Kamakura and Muromachi periods ); medieval times; mediaeval times

noun / ~する noun:

• practice (in the field); training (esp. practical and hands-on); practical exercise; drill

interjection / noun:

• crying "banzai" (or raising one's hands in the banzai gesture)
• something worthy of celebration
• giving up ［ばんざい］
• long time - archaism
• eternal life (and prosperity) - archaism

interjection:

• banzai (a celebratory cheer); hurrah (hooray, hurray)

noun:

• yukata (light cotton kimono worn in the summer or used as a bathrobe) ➜ 湯帷子

interjection:

• thank you (for the meal); that was a delicious meal
• thank you (for displaying lovey-dovey behaviour) - humorous term

~する noun / adverb:

• silent (as the grave); deadly silent - onomatopoeia

noun / ~する noun / ~の noun:

• something carried (in the hand); handheld; portable

noun:

• mobile telephone; cell phone - abbreviation - colloquialism - usually written using kana alone ➜ 携帯電話

noun:

• (on the) street

noun:

• House of Councillors (upper house of the National Diet of Japan)