noun:

• nose cone (e.g. of a rocket)

noun:

• crown (of a watch); stem
• cannon (of a bell)

noun:

• age of decline (of a nation)

noun / ~する noun:

• explanation (for purpose of convincing a judge)

noun:

• strategy guide (book, e.g. for a video game); playing guide; book of hints

noun:

• staple (for a stapler) ➜ 芯

noun:

• bing-bong bang-bong (Big Ben chimes, used as a bell in Japanese schools) ➜ 予鈴

noun:

• the sound of one hand clapping (a classic Zen koan) ➜ 公案

noun / ~する noun:

• recording audio at home (as opposed to in a studio)

noun:

• standee (in a theatre); standing-room spectator; the gallery

noun / ~する noun:

• addition (to a text); additional entry (e.g. to a database)

noun:

• stomach (esp. a pig's stomach or a cow's rumen); pork stomach - perhaps from the English word "gut" - Food term

particle:

• (after imperative form of a verb) as if to say; as though

noun / ~する noun:

• breathing in (of a foreign body, food, etc.); pulmonary aspiration; mis-swallowing; swallowing down the wrong pipe - Medicine term

noun:

• (Chinese term of reference to a) Nestorian

noun:

• punch-style can opener (punches a round or V-shaped hole in a can of liquid)

noun:

• breechblock (of a gun)

noun:

• minor or untalented actor (relegated to roles such as the legs of a stage horse)

noun:

• power of finality (of a legal decision, e.g. when a case is dismissed with prejudice) - Law term

noun:

• figurehead (on a ship)

noun:

• nave (of a church)

expression:

• dogs and monkeys (esp. as an example of a bad relationship, like that between cats and dogs) ➜ 犬猿

noun:

• PASMO (rechargeable prepaid IC card that can be used as a train and bus ticket in the greater Tokyo region and also as electric money in some stores) ➜ スイカ

noun:

• pivot hinge (using extensions on the top & bottom of a door that fit into cavities in the frame)
• sliding wooden bolt (for holding a door or window shut) ➜ 猿

noun:

• breaks and pauses (in a sentence)
• punctuation - abbreviation ➜ 句読点
• way of reading (esp. kanbun)