noun:

• student at the same middle school; graduate of the same middle school - colloquialism

noun:

• falling (down); tumbling (down); falling to the ground
• failure; failing
• renouncing Christianity and converting to Buddhism (during the Edo period); apostasy
• batter (construction technique)

expression:

• intending to persuade someone and instead being persuaded oneself; going for wool and coming home shorn; the biter bit; the mummy hunter himself becomes a mummy [literal] - idiom

noun:

• reed warbler (esp. the great reed warbler, but also the black-browed reed warbler) - obscure term ➜ 葦切

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to groan; to moan
• to roar; to howl; to growl
• to hum (engine, wind, etc.); to buzz; to whiz; to sough; to make a low, dull sound
• to ooh and aah (in admiration)

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to sing in a strong, low voice (esp. traditional chant or recitation)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be about to burst; to overflow

noun:

• alcohol (esp. sake) served in a small wooden box; alcohol (esp. sake) sold in a small wooden box

noun:

• Goryeo (dynasty of Korea; 918-1392 CE) ［こうらい］ - abbreviation

noun / prefix noun:

• Korea (esp. the Goguryeo kingdom or the Goryeo dynasty)

noun:

• (stone) guardian lion-dogs at Shinto shrine ［狛］ ➜ 狛犬

noun:

• formal, usually black, kimono with designs along the bottom of the skirt worn by married women on ceremonial occasions; married woman's ceremonial kimono

noun / ~する noun:

• using a new brush for the first time
• doing something for the first time
• man losing his virginity (esp. to an older woman)

noun:

• Japanese bondage torture (hands and feet are behind the victim's back, and they are hanged from the ceiling with a rock on their back)

noun:

• prefectural senior high school (in Tokyo Metropolitan Area); public senior high school (in Tokyo Metropolitan Area) ➜ 県立高等学校

adjectival noun / noun:

• obedient; meek; docile; unaffected
• honest; frank; upfront (about one's feelings)

noun:

• growth; development
• one's early life; upbringing; personal history

noun / ~する noun:

• discontinuation (of business); closing down; giving up (one's practice); retiring

noun:

• over-optimistic calculation; counting one's chickens before they're hatched ➜ 取らぬ狸の皮算用

noun / ~する noun:

• diligent study; devoting oneself to one's studies

noun:

• clothing (e.g. kimono) decorated with one's family crest

noun:

• leading; prominent; eminent; foremost; distinguished
• counting on one's fingers ➜ 指折り数える

noun:

• syncretism (interworking of two or more cultural perspectives into one system)

noun:

• seasoning; flavour; flavor - originally, esp. salt and plum vinegar - archaism
• serving one's lord well (of a retainer) - archaism

noun / ~する noun:

• giving someone a ride on one's shoulders

noun:

• shoulder wheel (judo) - Martial Arts term

~たる adjective:

• placed one upon another; piled up ［ちょうじょう］

~の noun / noun / interjection:

• excellent; splendid ［ちょうじょう］

noun / ~する noun:

• superimposition; superposition

adverb:

• arbitrarily; of its own accord; voluntarily; wilfully; willfully; as one pleases

noun:

• nephew (like a son); another child considered as one's own

noun / ~する noun:

• bossing someone around; having a person under one's control ➜ あごで使う