noun:

• samurai and commoners
• normal people (as opposed to people of a high social standing)

expression:

• poverty is a stranger to industry; diligence is the mother of good fortune - proverb

expression:

• scuttling (to escape in a panic, in shame, etc.); scurrying; scrambling

noun:

• abbreviated koyomi (Japanese traditional calendar); koyomi presented in a smaller, easy to use, format ➜ 暦【こよみ】

noun:

• abbreviated koyomi (Japanese traditional calendar); koyomi presented in a smaller, easy to use, format - abbreviation ➜ 略本暦

noun:

• waiting in front of a temple to be accepted for training (in Zen Buddhism) - Buddhism term

noun:

• abandoned people (people left to fend for themselves after a war or natural disaster)

noun:

• second athlete to compete in a 5-on-5 team competition (kendo, judo, etc.) ➜ 先鋒【せんぽう】

expression:

• a matter of course; what is to be expected; par for the course

noun / ~の noun:

• acting cool; pretending to be a better person that one is; pretentious (person) - colloquialism - Kansai dialect

noun:

• instant noodles (sold in a soft plastic packaging, as opposed to cup noodles) ➜ カップ麺

noun:

• passing food from one person's chopsticks to another's (a breach of etiquette)

noun:

• holding out one or both hands and arching one's body backward like a shrimp (in kabuki, represents being overwhelmed by someone's power)

noun:

• looking up and down, from heaven to earth (having nothing to be ashamed of); swearing by Heaven and Earth (having done nothing to be ashamed of) - four character idiom

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to muster (one's strength)
• to strain (e.g. one's voice)

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to stuff one's cheeks; to fill one's mouth (with food)

expression / ichidan verb:

• to be deprived of one's role; to have one's livelihood taken away

noun:

• Failure to think of the long term leads to grief in the short term - four character idiom

expression / godan ~う verb:

• to keep in contact (e.g. by phone, mail, etc.); to keep in touch

expression / noun:

• beginning to learn (something) when one is old; not being too old to learn - idiom

~の noun / noun:

• related to the teachings of Buddha; able to be saved by Buddha - Buddhism term Antonym: 無縁【むえん】
• related; relevant Antonym: 無縁【むえん】

expression / godan ~く verb:

• to take the easy way out; to take the path of least resistance

noun:

• imitation that looks identical to the original; fake causing the original to lose value - four character idiom

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to ruin one's reputation in later life; to tarnish one's twilight years

noun / ~する noun:

• failure (in an examination); failing to advance (to the next year) Antonym: 及第
• falling short of the standard; not making the grade