noun:

• palace examination (national Chinese civil servant examination based largely on classic literature); someone who has passed this examination ➜ 科挙
• examination for promotion in the Ministry of Ceremonies (based largely on political duties and Chinese classics); someone who has passed this examination ➜ 式部省

adverb:

• or; otherwise
• furthermore; also
• perhaps; by some chance; possibly - archaism
• that being said; be that as it may - archaism
• however; but - archaism
• not to mention; needless to say - archaism
• as expected; sure enough - archaism
• really; at all - used to express emphatic denial, suspicion, or emotion - archaism

noun:

• (Edo-period) roadside teahouse where one would go to relax (in comparison with a restaurant style teahouse and teahouse offering sexual services); tea stall ➜ 色茶屋・料理茶屋

expression:

• nothing costs as much as what is given to us; there's no such thing as a free lunch - proverb

noun:

• being closed; being blocked up; being occupied; hindrance; impedance ➜ 塞がる
• unlucky direction (in Onmyōdō; due to the presence of a god such as Ten'ichijin) ➜ 陰陽道・天一神

expression:

• very fond of; more fond of than eating; so fond of that someone would rather not eat than go without; more important than three meals a day [literal]

noun:

• how to manage (e.g. case); how to handle (e.g. machine); way with (e.g. children, animal)

noun:

• banishment (to a location far from the capital); the harshest of the three banishment punishments under the ritsuryo system

expression / noun:

• what one has a mind to do; what one feels like (doing); being so minded; (with) that in mind

noun:

• great impropriety (esp. towards the imperial family) - archaism
• crime against the imperial family (or a shrine dedicated to them, etc.) ➜ 八虐

noun:

• bamboo wall-top spikes (or wood, iron); spikes placed at the top of a wall to repel thieves

noun:

• gift received from a visitor (usu. used when offering the visitor to partake of part of that gift) - honorific language - abbreviation ➜ 御持たせ物

noun:

• gift received from a visitor (usu. used when offering the visitor to partake of part of that gift) - honorific language ➜ お持たせ

suffix / particle:

• a mere (status or characteristic); implies activity unsuited to (status or characteristic)

noun / ~する noun:

• perusing as a side business; doing in addition to one's main work; running (businesses) simultaneously

noun:

• side business; job on the side

noun:

• pounding down earth around the roots of a tree
• adding short branches of flowers to the base of an arrangement in ikebana

noun:

• formal paragraph (in opposition to a logical paragraph); paragraph as defined by its formal elements (e.g. line break and initial indentation) ➜ 意味段落

noun:

• inn where one rests on the way - archaism
• inn that serves as a meeting place for lovers - archaism ➜ 出合い宿
• inn that introduces clients to prostitutes - archaism ➜ 引き手茶屋

noun:

• getting poised again for charging; toeing the mark again - Sumo term
• starting again; getting a fresh start; going back to square one

particle:

• -ing and -ing (e.g. "coming and going") - as …たり…たり, after the ren'youkei forms of multiple verbs
• doing such things as... - used adverbially
• expresses a command - as …たり…たり at sentence-end, after the ren'youkei forms of a repeated verb

auxiliary verb:

• to be ［たり］ - from とあり, after a noun - archaism ➜ たる
• indicates completion or continuation of an action ［たり］ - from 〜てあり, after the ren'youkei form of a verb - archaism

noun:

• layman (esp. as opposed to a Buddhist monk); laity; man of the world; the world
• local manners; modern customs

adjectival noun / ~の noun:

• common; popular
• vulgar; low Antonym: 雅【が】

suffix:

• our gracious (e.g. Queen); honorific that attaches to name of a person or thing that has bestowed grace or favour upon you

noun:

• companies exploiting debtors by forcing them to make expensive credit card purchases and buying the purchases at a fraction of the price

expression:

• it's hard to cut one's ties to close relatives even if they are wicked; you don't cut your finger off just because it's dirty [literal] - proverb

noun:

• Narita divorce; divorce case of a newlywed couple breaking up upon their return to Narita Airport from their honeymoon abroad - four character idiom