godan ~く verb / transitive:

• to go through; to pierce; to penetrate
• to run through (e.g. a river through a city); to pass through
• to stick to (opinion, principles, etc.); to carry out; to persist with; to keep (e.g. faith); to maintain (e.g. independence)

expression / godan ~う verb:

• to have a cross to bear; to carry a heavy burden - idiom

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to have someone hold; to let someone have; to give
• to have someone carry; to send with someone
• to keep; to preserve
• to have someone pay (e.g. the bill); to burden someone with
• to raise someone's hopes

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to carry something out of a place
• to elevate (someone) to a high position; to convince someone to accept a post (esp. through flattery)
• to mention something; to broach a topic; to bring up (a subject); to raise (an issue); to mention

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to put on (one's head); to wear; to have on; to pull over (one's head); to crown (oneself)
• to be covered with (dust, snow, etc.); to pour (water, etc.) on oneself; to dash on oneself; to ship water
• to bear (e.g. someone's debts, faults, etc.); to take (blame); to assume (responsibility); to shoulder (burden)
• to overlap (e.g. sound or color)
• to be similar; to be redundant

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be fogged (due to overexposure, etc.) - of film
• to close; to come to an end - of a play, etc.
• to get a full house; to sell out - of a play, etc.
• to blunder; to bungle; to fail - of a play, etc. - archaism ➜ 毛氈を被る
• to be deceived - archaism

conjunction:

• used when referring to oneself in a letter to one's superior - humble language ➜ 下る
• after a time; later; down to (e.g. from the Restoration down to present day)
• used when listing items or people by decreasing worth, rank, etc.

noun:

• words used when miserable or anxious - archaism - obsolete term
• words used to decline or refuse something - archaism - obsolete term
• words used when making an appeal - archaism - obsolete term

noun:

• thing; object; article; stuff; substance
• one's things; possessions; property; belongings - as 〜のもの, 〜のもん
• things; something; anything; everything; nothing
• quality
• reason; the way of things
• used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen - formal noun often used as 〜ものだ - usually written using kana alone

suffix noun:

• item classified as ...; item related to ...; work of ...
• cause of ...; cause for ...

prefix:

• somehow; somewhat; for some reason ［もの］ ➜ 物寂しい【ものさびしい】
• really; truly ［もの］ ➜ 物珍しい【ものめずらしい】

noun:

• straight-from-the-pot udon; udon noodles pulled straight from the pot and served in the hot water used for boiling (traditionally without being soaked in cold water), eaten by dipping in sauce - Food term ➜ うどん

expression / ichidan verb:

• to carry a bomb [literal]; to have a bomb about to go off
• to have an imminent problem; to be in danger of relapse

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to take the responsibility (for an action); to carry out in a responsible manner

noun:

• horse trough - archaism

~と adverb / adverb:

• with a roaring sound (of water or wind); sound of feet stamping on the ground - onomatopoeia

interjection:

• whoa! (command used to stop or quieten down a horse, etc.) ➜ どう

noun / ~する noun / ~の noun:

• being used to people (e.g. of a young child); being sociable
• being used to humans (esp. animals); being tame

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to carry about

ichidan verb:

• to carry in

godan ~る verb:

• to carry away

noun:

• outside; exterior
• open air
• other place

godan ~つ verb / transitive:

• to fire (gun, arrow, questions, etc.); to shoot; to hit (e.g. baseball); to break wind
• to set free; to release; to let loose
• to emit (e.g. light); to give off (e.g. a scent)
• to send out (a person to carry out a duty)
• to set fire to - in the form 火を放つ ➜ 火を放つ

noun:

• stagnant water; still water

noun / ~する noun:

• water stopping

noun:

• contaminated water; polluted water; dirty water

noun:

• natural water; untreated water; spring water

noun:

• mochi soaked in water (to protect against mold); rice cakes preserved in water

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to draw (water); to ladle; to dip up; to scoop up; to pump
• to pour (into a cup); to drink (together) ➜ 酌む【くむ】
• to consider (feelings, the situation, etc.); to sympathize with; to intuit; to understand
• to draw upon; to inherit

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to become familiar with; to fit in; to adapt oneself; to get used to; to grow accustomed to