noun:

• father (esp. used in samurai families prior to the Meiji period) - polite language

expression / ichidan verb:

• to "see stars" (i.e. after being hit in the head)

noun / adjectival noun:

• unenlightened; in the darkest ignorance; not knowing from A to B - four character idiom

noun:

• second adding of charcoal to the fire (in tea ceremony) ➜ 後の炭

noun:

• summer retreat where monks stay in the same place to study - Buddhism term

noun:

• first maple leaves to turn red in the season

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to bask in the sun lying flat on one's belly ➜ 甲羅干し

noun:

• government official next in rank to the sakan (ritsuryo system) ➜ 主典

expression / ichidan verb:

• to be to the point; to hit the mark; to be relevant

godan ~く verb / transitive:

• to deduct; to take away; to dock
• to make allowances for something; to bear something in mind

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to ebb and flow

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to ride past (one's stop); to overshoot
• to climb over; to get over ➜ 乗り越える
• to overtake (in a vehicle); to pass

godan ~つ verb / intransitive verb:

• to be choppy; to run high; to swell; to ripple; to billow; to be in discord

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to go upstream
• to go back (in time, to origin); to date back to; to trace back to; to make retroactive

adjectival noun:

• concerning the result (as opposed to the means used to achieve this result or the original goal)

noun:

• expectation that something took place, will take place or was in some state; it should be so; bound to be; expected to be; must be
• nock (of a bow)
• nock (of an arrow)
• nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger) - Sumo term ➜ はず押し【はずおし】
• wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to start with the looks; to start (at the wrong end) by focusing on the superficial

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to talk around something (exp. derived from having something stuck in your back teeth and thus be unable to speak clearly); to imply something in a roundabout way - idiom

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to bite into (e.g. rope into skin); to cut into; to dig into (e.g. of fingernails)
• to eat into; to encroach; to make inroads; to penetrate (e.g. a market); to break into (e.g. first place); to erode; to cut into (e.g. time, savings)
• to be wedged (i.e. underwear pulled from the back, driving it between the buttocks) - vulgar

noun / ~する noun:

• closing in on (the enemy, first place, etc.); coming close to; pressing hard
• pressing hard (e.g. with a question); taking to task; grilling

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to place one's arms under those of the opponent and lift them up, in order to prevent an overhand grip on one's mawashi - Sumo term

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to glide; to slide (e.g. on skis); to slip
• to fail (an examination); to bomb (when telling a joke)
• to drop; to go down; to come down; to fall (e.g. in status)

expression / ichidan verb:

• to live under another's roof; to become a dependent on
• to flatten oneself (against); to lean in close to

ichidan verb:

• to give way to the light of the morning (i.e. the darkness gives way)

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to grapple with; to wrestle with; to engage in a bout; to be matched against
• to tackle (e.g. a problem); to come to grips with; to work hard on

noun:

• meridian (e.g. in acupuncture); channel; one of the lines connecting vital points in the body
• thread of connection; chain of reasoning