noun:

• apple sold during the winter; winter apple

noun:

• incarcerating a criminal in a temple as a form of punishment (popular during the latter Muromachi and Azuchi-Momoyama periods) - obscure term ➜ 寺入り

noun:

• Kanto; region consisting of Tokyo and surrounding prefectures
• Kanto; north-eastern half of Japan (during the feudal era)

expression / ichidan verb:

• to make a gesture or say something during a break in conversation, playing of songs, etc.; to interrupt

noun:

• type of imperial banquet held during the Heian period and later
• being dead drunk; being very drunk - original meaning - archaism

expression / godan ~つ verb:

• to make a gesture or say something during a break in conversation, playing of songs, etc.; to interrupt - incorrect variant of 合いの手を入れる ➜ 合いの手を入れる

~と adverb:

• (with a) slap; smack; whack; sound of a sharp blow with something flat - onomatopoeia
• wham; sound of striking with something solid - onomatopoeia
• zap; crack; sound of thunder - onomatopoeia

noun:

• charms of a uniquely beautiful woman; great beauty; (so beautiful that) the moon hides and flowers are abashed [literal] - four character idiom

noun:

• gyaru; (young) woman adhering to a fashion trend usually marked by brown or blond-dyed hair, gaudy clothes and accessories - From English "gal"
• gal

noun:

• decider; person who decides ➜ 決める【きめる】
• deciding factor; clincher; trump card; winning move ➜ 決める【きめる】

noun:

• student who performs housework in exchange for meals and-or lodging
• houseboy

noun:

• couple who only go through the motions of being husband and wife

noun:

• someone who withdraws from society (e.g. hides in their room); hikikomori - derogatory term - slang ➜ 引きこもり

noun:

• shrine whose rituals are attended by an imperial envoy (who presents offerings)

expression:

• person who is ignorant of the real world; frog in a well [literal]

noun:

• someone who curries favor with their master while secretly plotting against him

expression:

• person (generally male) who won't learn their lesson; persistent jerk

noun:

• silvering; silvered item
• person who is all style and no substance; poser

noun:

• low class samurai, who guarded the shogun on outings (Edo period)

noun:

• demon who brings misfortune to houses or people he passes by ➜ 通り魔

noun:

• someone who became a teacher for lack of anything better to do - slang - derogatory term

noun:

• muscle-brain; meathead; hot-blooded idiot; person who charges in before thinking - slang

noun:

• theatre staff who deals with the audience (e.g. ticket-taker, usher) ➜ 裏方

noun:

• person who repeatedly changes their name through adult adoptions or sham marriages - derogatory term - From English "name laundering"

expression:

• one who knows little often repeats it - proverb ➜ 馬鹿の一つ覚え