noun / ~の noun:

• boning (fish or meat); deboning
• watering down (a plan, bill, etc.); dilution; emasculation
• taking the backbone out of; weakening

noun / ~する noun:

• concentration; diligence; devotion
• asceticism; zeal in one's quest for enlightenment ➜ 六波羅蜜
• adherence to a vegetarian diet

noun:

• starting afresh; going back to square one; abandoning (e.g. a plan); calling off
• clearing an abacus - orig. meaning

noun:

• fertile shoot of field horsetail ➜ 杉菜
• wooden stick with a burned tip (used to create underdrawings) ［どひつ］ ➜ 焼き筆

noun / ~する noun:

• becoming firmly established; putting down strong roots
• exercising authority; being dominant; holding sway
• settling in a coiled shape - orig. meaning

noun:

• cutting the New Year's rice cake (January 11th)
• traditional breaking of a sake cask at weddings, receptions, etc.

noun:

• useless book learning; knowing the theory but being able to put it into practice; practising swimming in a field [literal] - idiom - humorous term

noun:

• one-piece garment with snaps up the front, sort of like a jumpsuit for babies - From English "baby all"

noun:

• type of bed linen resembling a large beach towel and used to cover oneself in hot weather - From English "towel blanket"

noun:

• ring; link
• open spirals of heavy metal wire twisted into a kettle and used to lift it (tea ceremony)

noun / ~する noun:

• criticizing; lambasting; pointing out faults; finding fault
• calling for a retake; ordering (somebody) to redo something

noun:

• Piltdown hoax (1912 discovery of a fossilized ape-human missing-link skull, later revealed to be fraudulent) - obscure term ➜ ピルトダウン人

noun:

• decorative black flagpole tassel made from tail hair (of a yak, horse, ox, etc.) or dyed hemp ➜ 大頭【おおがしら】

noun:

• chickweed (stitchwort) roasted and mixed with salt, then ground into a powder for use as toothpaste - obscure term

noun:

• treasure hunting
• lucky dip; game involving finding hidden prizes from a sand box, barrel of leaves, etc.

noun:

• national holiday that has been moved to a Monday (e.g. Coming-of-Age Day) - From English "happy Monday" ➜ 成人の日

noun:

• short roughly woven fence - usu. not 間狭 - archaism
• divider between boxes (i.e. for box seats) in a theatre, etc.

noun:

• kitchen-cum-office of a Zen temple or monastery, where meals are prepared and senior priests have their offices

noun:

• shingling with thin cedar or cypress shingles; roof shingled in such a manner (usu. at temples, shrines, etc.) ➜ 木賊板

noun:

• lace; lacing braid - From Portuguese "mogol"
• chenille yarn
• tinsel
• pipe cleaner; fibre, paper, etc. twisted between a pair of wires

noun:

• last death anniversary for which there is a memorial service held (usu. the 32nd or 49th) - Buddhism term ➜ 三十三回忌

noun:

• platter; serving plate ➜ さらばち・皿鉢料理
• crown of the head - archaism
• flower arrangement in a shallow vase, using sand ［砂鉢］

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to surprise; to frighten; to create a stir

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to grow; to cultivate; to wear a beard

noun / ~する noun:

• deciding first; settling (a matter) first; first priority