expression:

• financially ruining oneself by buying too many clothes (as a fabled tendency of the people of Kyoto) ➜ 大阪の食い倒れ・着倒れ

noun:

• cutting stock (extra material cut off in machining operations as a safety margin for tolerances); machining allowance

noun:

• pit (of a fruit); stone - obscure term
• core
• tongue (piece of wood used to connect two boards)
• clitoris

noun:

• darner (any dragonfly of family Aeshnidae); devil's darning needle
• dragonfly (esp. a large one)

noun:

• scapulimancy (divination using the cracks in the heated shoulder blade of a deer); scapulomancy; spatulamancy; armomancy - archaism

noun:

• truth of the middle (all things are in a middle state, being void yet having temporary existence) - Buddhism term ➜ 三諦

noun:

• row of syllables on the Japanese syllabary table that ends with the vowel sound "a" - Linguistics term ➜ 五十音

noun:

• hand; arm - polite language ➜ 手
• handwriting; penmanship - honorific language

interjection:

• 'shake' (command to have a dog place its paw in your hand) ➜ お代わり

expression / noun:

• official history (e.g. a state-sanctioned account of history subject to revision when the government changes)

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to become accustomed to calling (e.g. someone by a certain name)

noun:

• Edo-era street merchant who carried wares hanging from a pole, hawking them in the street - obscure term

noun:

• stile; doorjamb; doorpost; vertical frame element on the left or right of a door or window

noun:

• spring "tsuchinoe" day that falls closest to the vernal equinox (a day of religious significance for harvests) ➜ 社日・戊【つちのえ】

noun:

• party to celebrate the successful completion of a project (job, concert, play, etc.); celebration party ➜ 打ち上げ会

expression / noun:

• crowning glory (e.g. winning the last game of the season, creating a final spectacular art work)

noun:

• home in which a woman stays during her period (or while giving birth) - archaism
• period; menstruation; menses - archaism

expression:

• only a fool with no manners asks for another helping more than once; only fools are gluttons - idiom

noun:

• quilt; bedspread; bedcover ［うわがけ］
• cover (for a kotatsu quilt) ［うわがけ］ ➜ 炬燵
• cloak; smock ［うわがけ］
• second dyeing; topping; overlay ➜ 下染め

expression:

• when kids get in a fight, their parents come to their aid; yelping curs will raise mastiffs - proverb

noun:

• roadside land prices; price of land adjoining a major road, used to calculate inheritance and gift taxes

interjection:

• welcome; come in; response to a visitor at one's house who has asked to be shown inside - used by samurai families - archaism ➜ 頼もう【たのもう】

noun:

• newspaper article where the journalist gives their own opinions, etc. on a particular topic; op-ed article

noun:

• flower lantern; Bon festival lantern that is decorated with artificial flowers or has a floral pattern ➜ 盆灯籠

adverb:

• completely (quitting, etc.); entirely; thoroughly; totally; wholly; without hesitation - onomatopoeia
• cleanly (cutting, snapping off, etc.); in a single blow - onomatopoeia

noun:

• Edo-period proclamation issued by the shogunate (or a daimyo, etc.) usu. to the general populace ➜ お達し【おたっし】