expression:

• Out of Asia and Into Europe (slogan calling for Japan to align itself with the West) - four character idiom

noun:

• polish; elaboration; repeatedly working over one's writing; being very scrupulous in the choice of diction - four character idiom

noun:

• harassment, e.g. in the workplace, from a position of power; bullying - From English "power harassment"

noun:

• someone who plays the part of a 'heel' (bad guy) in wrestling, films, etc. ➜ ヒール

noun:

• soft, crumpled, unlacquered headwear (often worn by soldiers under their helmets from the Kamakura period onward) ➜ 烏帽子

noun:

• Newtonian telescope (having a secondary mirror at 45 degrees, reflecting light into the eyepiece)

noun:

• small knife that is largely ornamental or used to cut open letters and the like ➜ 小刀

expression:

• expression of humility said by the person who provided a meal after it is eaten - humble language ➜ お粗末

noun:

• fulcrum peg (fitted into the cavity in an oar as part of a traditional oarlock) ➜ 入れ子

noun:

• fulcrum peg (fitted into the cavity in an oar as part of a traditional oarlock) - obscure term ➜ 櫓杭

noun:

• (in China) 7th note of the ancient chromatic scale (approx. G sharp) ➜ 十二律・鳧鐘
• fifth lunar month

noun:

• (in China) 6th note of the ancient chromatic scale (approx. G) ➜ 十二律・双調
• fourth lunar month

noun:

• (in China) 3rd note of the ancient chromatic scale (approx. E) ➜ 十二律・平調
• first lunar month

noun:

• second note of the ancient chromatic scale (approx. D sharp) (in China) ➜ 十二律・断吟
• twelfth lunar month

noun:

• thinly cut hemp or paper mixed with rice (scattered as an offering to the gods) - archaism

noun:

• homophone; word with the same pronunciation and similar meaning as another but a different written form

noun:

• Oversight Department (division of the daijokan responsible for controlling central and provincial governmental offices) ➜ 太政官

noun:

• Buddhist pilgrim (carrying 66 copies of the Lotus Sutra to be left at sites across Japan)

noun:

• rapid pace at which the information technology field moves - From English "dog year"
• dog's ear ➜ ドッグイヤ

noun:

• distinctive character used in the names of all people belonging to a single clan or lineage

noun:

• first half of a tea ceremony (in which the charcoal is set and light food served) ➜ 後座【ござ】

noun:

• petty official responsible for collecting public gossip and presenting it to the king (in ancient China) ➜ 稗史

noun:

• orthographical variants; words with the same pronunciation and meaning, but different written forms; spelling inconsistency

noun:

• yoko-shiho-gatame (judo hold in which the opponent's shoulders and hips are pinned) - Martial Arts term

noun:

• rotating stage machinery, which rolls backwards 90 degrees to reveal the next scene