godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to reveal something by washing the surface
• to bring to light; to reveal by investigation

adverb / ~と adverb:

• all together in a line; all together in a lump - archaism - onomatopoeia
• dressed sloppily; overdressed for the occasion

noun:

• Ministry of Popular Affairs (1869-1871) ［みんぶしょう］
• Ministry of Popular Affairs (under the ritsuryo system) ➜ 律令制

expression:

• red sky at night, shepherd's delight; red sky in the morning, shepherd's warning - proverb

noun:

• blue green damselfish (Chromis viridis, a damselfish from the Indo-Pacific); blue-green chromis

adverb:

• holding horizontally in one's mouth; holding on the side of one's mouth

noun:

• family registry (of the district) (Edo period); population registry; records of an Edo period census ➜ 戸籍簿

expression / adverb:

• as time goes by; as time went by; with the passage of time; over time

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to rub in; to smear on; to spread on; to daub
• to lay the blame on ➜ 擦り付ける【なすりつける】

noun / ~する noun:

• reading (a text) aloud without trying to understand it ➜ 素読【そどく】
• reading a second draft without checking it against the original

noun:

• suicide immediately after the death of one's spouse or lover; following one's lover (husband, wife) into death

expression:

• wretched is the lot of a government official; it is better to work for oneself than to work for someone else - proverb

noun:

• ratio indicating the quantity of polished rice gained from a given quantity of brown rice (nowadays usually expressed as a percent)

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to remove the astringent taste from persimmons
• to soak in water; to steep in water ［さわす］
• to matte (with black lacquer) ［さわす］

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to crack down on (e.g. crime, corruption); to deal a crushing blow to; to bring down the hammer on ➜ 鉄槌【てっつい】

noun:

• student taking (university) entrance exams while still enrolled in school; student who passed their university entrance exams on the first try ➜ 現役

noun:

• sardine and holly charm; sardine head and holly branch placed next to the front door during setsubun to ward off demons

noun:

• land given to high-ranking government officials (ritsuryo system); land given to pay for the expenses of a government office ➜ 職分田

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to be profoundly compatible; to be inseparable; to be so close as to reveal to each other the bottom of one's heart

noun:

• making great haste, having been caught off guard; scurrying unprepared
• rushing to an emergency with sword in hand, not having had time to affix it at the waist

adverb / pronoun:

• here and there; all around; everywhere; throughout; all over

~する noun:

• to get things in the wrong order (back to front); to become muddled up ［あちこち・あちらこちら・あっちこっち・アチコチ］

noun:

• fleeing in all directions; (in Japanese history, a reference to) farmers who abandoned their fields and fled to the cities or other districts to evade onerous taxes

adverb / ~と adverb:

• sound of something striking repeatedly (e.g. wooden clappers) - onomatopoeia
• something small hopping repeatedly; touching lightly and repeatedly - onomatopoeia

noun:

• punctuation marks such as the dakuten
• Chonchon; South American mythical bird - From

noun / ~する noun:

• crowning a boy for the first time at a coming-of-age ceremony - archaism ➜ 元服

noun:

• noh cap with a rolled or drooping tail (indicative of nobility) ［ういかんむり］ ➜ 巻纓・垂纓

noun:

• natural or man-made feature or object on the earth's surface (trees, hill, river, road, building, etc.); object or structure important in a battle, esp. for concealment