noun:

• reserves (esp. troops); reserve army
• potential members of some group (e.g. the elderly); people at risk (e.g. of a medical condition); wannabees

expression / adjective:

• simple (e.g. matter); problem free
• hopeless; the end (i.e. leaving one at a loss of words); dumbfounding

expression / noun:

• book of (trade) secrets; secrets
• crib notes; key (to a diagram); pony

noun / ~する noun:

• promise; agreement; arrangement; one's word; contract; pact; appointment; engagement; date - honorific language - humble language ➜ 約束

noun / ~の noun:

• something expected or predictable (e.g. running gag); typical or clichéd development (in a story); something considered obligatory or guaranteed (in a certain situation)

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to enquire of someone about something (inquire); to question
• to interrogate; to grill (someone about a matter); to question in detail

noun:

• splint; brace; epithesis - Medicine term ➜ 副木【ふくぼく】
• splice; support (e.g. for a plant); prop ➜ 支柱【しちゅう】

adjective:

• thin - in ref. to objects, not to people
• pale; light; faint
• watery; thin; dilute
• weak (taste, etc.); little (affection, etc.) not much (of a presence)
• slim (probability, etc.); small
• sparse; patchy; scattered

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to search (for something desired, needed); to look for - esp. 探す
• to search (for something lost); to seek (a suspect in a crime) - esp. 捜す

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be caught; to be arrested - usu. 捕まる
• to hold on to; to grasp - usu. 掴まる
• to find (e.g. proof); to get (e.g. a taxi)
• to be detained by

noun / ~する noun:

• entry (on stage); appearance (on screen) Antonym: 退場
• entrance; introduction (into a market)

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to cause; to induce; to bring about; to provoke
• to pull upright; to help up (e.g. a fallen person) - 引き起こす, etc. only

noun / ~する noun:

• rushing into; breaking into; storming
• plunging into (war, etc.); embarking on (a new venture)

noun:

• document; letter
• writing; contents (e.g. of a letter)

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to fix upon (one-sidedly); to (ignore somebody's position and) arbitrarily decide something is the case
• to scold; to take (a person) to task

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to grow senile; to be childish with age
• to be mentally slow; to be befuddled
• to play stupid; to say something stupid (oft. on purpose; esp. as part of a comedic routine)
• to become engrossed (in something) ［ほうける］

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to fade; to discolor; to discolour
• to diminish; to fade (e.g. of a memory)

adjectival noun / adverb / noun:

• direct; in person; frankness; honesty; simplicity; cheerfulness; correctness; being straight
• night duty; shift (e.g. in a factory) ➜ 当直

noun:

• utilization of water; water supply; irrigation
• water transportation; navigability (e.g. of a river)

noun:

• taking over (e.g. store or family's headship)
• subrogation; substitution of one person for another (usu. a creditor)

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to pull apart; to separate
• to draw; to tie (a game)

noun:

• playing with dirt ➜ 土遊び
• gardening; farming (as a hobby)

expression / ichidan verb:

• to ignite; to set fire to
• to spark (an incident, etc.); to inflame (a situation, etc.)

noun:

• mekuri karuta (card game popular in the late Edo period)
• hanafuda; Japanese playing cards (12 suits of 4 cards, each suit representing a month indicated by a flower) ➜ 花札

expression / ichidan verb:

• to take care of; to bring up under one's personal care
• to kill with one's own hands
• to do personally; to handle (e.g. a job)
• to request that someone deal with (something)

interjection:

• oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.

expression:

• hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute) - onomatopoeia