godan ~つ verb / intransitive verb:

• to lead; to take the lead (in doing something)
• to precede; to go before; to take precedence
• to die before (esp. one's spouse, parents, etc.)
• to be a prerequisite

noun:

• identifying mark (esp. a mark of comradeship)
• mark placed where two pieces of cloth are to be sewn together (or two pieces of wood joined, etc.)
• verification seal; tally ➜ 合い印【あいいん】

noun / ~の noun:

• one side; one party; counterpart; the other side; the other party ➜ 両方
• one of a pair; fellow; mate

expression / godan ~く verb:

• to get the short end of the stick; to get the bad end of a bargain

godan ~く verb / transitive:

• to scatter; to disseminate (e.g. a rumor); to spread (e.g. germs); to broadcast
• to distribute widely (e.g. leaflets); to hand out freely; to spend recklessly

expression / godan ~つ verb:

• to hit somebody where they least expect it; to take revenge on someone in an unlikely place; to get revenge on someone in a different contest - idiom

noun:

• not exceeding; and downward; ... and below
• below (e.g. standard); under (e.g. a level)
• the below-mentioned; the following; the rest

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to come apart at the seams; to be ripped; to be torn ➜ 綻ぶ【ほころぶ】
• to begin to open; to begin to bloom ➜ 綻ぶ【ほころぶ】
• to smile broadly; to break into a smile ➜ 綻ぶ【ほころぶ】

godan ~く verb / transitive:

• to draw; to paint; to sketch ➜ 書く
• to depict; to describe ［えがく］
• to picture in one's mind; to imagine
• to form a certain shape (e.g. path of an action, appearance of an object, etc.)

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to turn up (hem, sleeves, etc.); to fold back (e.g. page)
• to turn back; to double back; to return
• to loopback (a signal, message, etc.) - IT term

noun / ~の noun:

• base (e.g. of a triangle) ［底辺］ - Mathematics term
• low class; low in social standing; low level; of poor reputation

noun:

• base (e.g. of support); foundation; basis

noun:

• being frustrated because something is not quite as hoped (just as one cannot scratch an itch from outside a shoe); having an itch that one cannot scratch - four character idiom

noun:

• day of Ten'ichijin's first ascension to heaven in a year (the 30th day of the first sexagenary cycle of the year) - obscure term ➜ 天一神・天一天上・癸巳

noun:

• the morning after a couple have slept together; parting ways the morning after having slept together - archaism
• the next morning ［こうちょう・ごちょう］ - archaism

godan ~く verb:

• to ascend (the throne); to accede ➜ 付く【つく】
• to take (seat, position, course, office, etc.); to assume; to be hired; to be employed ［就く］
• to start (on a journey); to commence; to depart ［就く］
• to study (under teacher); to be an apprentice ［就く］

noun:

• departure; setting off; start
• being used up; being consumed; being burnt out
• passage of time; lapse
• rehearsal - abbreviation ➜ 立ち稽古【たちげいこ】
• leading male role in kabuki - abbreviation ➜ 立ち役【たちやく】
• rising from a crouch to charge; initial charge; faceoff - abbreviation - Sumo term ➜ 立会い【たちあい】

prefix:

• verb prefix conveying emphasis and sometimes formality

expression:

• one should not leave things unfinished; when a young Mencius returned home during the middle of school, his mother cut off the cloth she had been weaving on the loom to admonish him for stopping his studies midway - proverb ➜ 断機

noun:

• distance of eight sun (approx. 24 cm)
• dish or tray of this size (esp. used in kaiseki cuisine to serve several kinds of delicacies); food served in such a dish
• var. of thick, traditional Japanese paper

noun:

• face; official stance; public position or attitude (as opposed to private thoughts) ［建て前・建前・立て前・立前］ Antonym: 本音
• ceremony for the erection of the framework of a house ［建て前・建前］
• tea ceremony procedures; tea ceremony etiquette ［立て前・立前・点て前・点前］

noun:

• within the borders of a country; domestic soil
• inland area
• Japan proper, as opposed to its overseas colonies; interior of country; homeland - used during the WWII era
• (in Hokkaido and Okinawa) the "mainland" parts of Japan (Kyushu, Shikoku, Honshu)

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to push away; to thrust aside
• to detach oneself from; to keep away from; to forsake; to abandon; to desert
• to act coldly; to do without emotion
• to extend a wide lead over (an opponent)

noun:

• approximate age; apparent age ➜ 年の頃

noun / ~の noun:

• marriageable age (esp. of a woman); age of maturity; age of adulthood

noun:

• appropriate age (to ...); old enough (to ...) - after modifying phrase

noun / adverbial noun:

• past few years; for some years - archaism ➜ 年来

noun:

• drawing hot water; person who draws hot water
• employee who pours clean hot water used for rinsing in a bathhouse
• ladle (esp. used in bath houses)

~と adverb / ~する noun:

• bursting with youth and energy (esp. young woman); vivaciously young; spunky; energetic - onomatopoeia

~と adverb:

• (fish) jumping around energetically (e.g. when caught in a net) - onomatopoeia

~の noun:

• bursting (e.g. seams); tight - onomatopoeia

~と adverb:

• splattering (e.g. cooking oil) - onomatopoeia

noun:

• imperial portrait; photograph of the incumbent Emperor and Empress distributed to schools between 1890 and the end of the Second World War
• portrait or photo of a person of high rank - honorific language