noun:

• being frustrated because something is not quite as hoped (just as one cannot scratch an itch from outside a shoe); having an itch that one cannot scratch - four character idiom

expression:

• one should not leave things unfinished; when a young Mencius returned home during the middle of school, his mother cut off the cloth she had been weaving on the loom to admonish him for stopping his studies midway - proverb ➜ 断機

expression:

• filial piety begins with not harming one's own body (as one's entire body was given by one's parents) (from The Classic of Filial Piety)

interjection:

• thank you; thanks - abbreviation ➜ どうも有難う

adverb:

• much (thanks); very (sorry); quite (regret)
• quite; really; mostly
• somehow
• in spite of oneself; try as one might; no matter how hard one may try (to, not to) ➜ どうしても

interjection:

• greetings; hello; goodbye

noun / ~する noun:

• incomplete combustion; imperfect combustion
• being off one's game; not doing one's best; being unable to use all of one's strength; failing to obtain the desired result - idiom

expression:

• it is simply common courtesy to clean up after yourself; a bird does not foul the nest it is about to leave; on leaving a place one should see that all is in good order - proverb ➜ 跡を濁す【あとをにごす】

expression:

• it is simply common courtesy to clean up after yourself; a bird does not foul the nest it is about to leave; on leaving a place one should see that all is in good order - proverb ➜ 跡を濁す【あとをにごす】・立つ鳥跡を濁さず

noun:

• young man of conscription age who has not yet undergone military training - archaism
• man with no title and no rank (under the ritsuryo system); commoner - archaism
• servant dressed in a white uniform who carries objects for his master ［はくちょう］ - archaism ➜ 白張

adjectival noun / noun:

• dissatisfaction with the work (role) given to one; feeling oneself above the given work (role)
• not up to the task; (being) out of one's depth - colloquialism ➜ 力不足【ちからぶそく】

noun:

• main text (as opposed to any included commentary or annotations)
• authentic text (e.g. of a treaty, as opposed to any translation not specified as authentic) - Law term
• Chinese classical literature

expression:

• starting something in the eleventh hour; have not thy cloak to make when it begins to rain; don't lock the stable door after the horse has been stolen; braiding the rope only after the thief is caught - proverb ➜ 泥縄【どろなわ】・泥縄式【どろなわしき】

noun:

• individual item (i.e. not part of a set); single article
• single item out of a set; one item from a set

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to slacken; to loosen; to relax; to droop (e.g. loose or flabby skin); to sag (ceiling)
• to slack off (e.g. one's work, attention); to not put one's heart in

expression / noun:

• formidable person; shrewd person; someone not to be taken lightly; person of no common order
• certain person (e.g. whose name cannot be disclosed); someone
• that sort of person; that kind of person - archaism

noun / suffix noun:

• hole - also read めど for this sense ➜ 穴が開く
• deficit; shortage; missing person (in a team, meeting, etc.)
• vacancy; opening
• flaw
• profitable place (or item, etc.) not well known by others
• upset victory (with a large payoff)
• pit (of a theater) - slang ➜ 平土間
• hiding place - archaism
• underbelly (of society, etc.) - archaism

adverb / ~する noun:

• (doing) various things; (doing) this and that

adverb:

• being apt to; being prone to; tending to
• at any rate; anyhow; anyway

~の noun:

• all sorts of (negative things); various

noun:

• things that do not exist; rabbit horns [literal] ［兎角］ - idiom - Buddhism term ➜ 亀毛兎角

expression:

• rejecting the advances of women is a man's shame; shameful is he who spurns a woman's invitation; not eating the meal set before him is a man's shame [literal] - proverb ➜ 据え膳【すえぜん】

adjective:

• light (i.e. not heavy); feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily) Antonym: 重い
• light (i.e. of foot); effortless; nimble; agile
• non-serious; minor; unimportant; trivial
• slight; small; gentle; soft; easy; lighthearted (e.g. joke)
• easy; simple
• indiscriminate ➜ 口が軽い

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to become known; to come to light; to be discovered ➜ お里が知れる【おさとがしれる】
• to be known; to be understood - often in the negative ➜ 気が知れない【きがしれない】・得体の知れない【えたいのしれない】
• to obviously not amount to much; to seem trivial ➜ 高が知れている【たかがしれている】
• to be evident; to be obvious; to go without saying - in the form しれたこと
• to be very intense (worry, hope, etc.); to be extremely severe - in forms like どれほど…かしれない

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to worry about; to be worried about; to fret about; to not know what to do; to be at a loss (as to what to do)

noun / ~する noun:

• down (opposite of up); becoming lower; being brought down; bringing down
• being down (e.g. with a cold) and unable to continue (work)
• down (e.g. a system); not running (e.g. servers) - IT term
• download; downstream - abbreviation - IT term

noun:

• down (feathers)

expression:

• as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of)
• apart from... (used to change the topic)
• even (e.g. "not even a single person") - before a negative form
• thinking that...; trying to... - after a volitional form ➜ とする

expression:

• not wanting to live in the same world as one's father's or lord's enemies; being prepared to sacrifice one's life to avenge one's father or lord - from the Book of Rites - proverb ➜ 不倶戴天

noun:

• young man (in the Edo period, esp. one with forelocks who has not yet had his coming-of-age ceremony)
• young male prostitute; young kabuki actor (who may also act as a homosexual prostitute)
• younger partner in a homosexual relationship ➜ 念者【ねんしゃ】

noun:

• having only tiles of one suit and not having called any tiles (yaku); having only tiles of one suit and a concealed hand - Mahjong term - From Chinese ➜ メンゼン・清一色