expression:

• financially ruining oneself by buying too many clothes (as a fabled tendency of the people of Kyoto) ➜ 大阪の食い倒れ・着倒れ

noun:

• iteration mark used to represent repetition of the previous kanji (to be read using its kun-yomi) ➜ 踊り字

noun / ~の noun:

• near point (closest point at which an object can be brought into focus by the eye) ➜ 遠点【えんてん】
• periapsis - Astronomy term ➜ 遠点【えんてん】

noun:

• far point (farthest point at which an object can be brought into focus by the eye) ➜ 近点【きんてん】
• apoapsis - Astronomy term ➜ 近点【きんてん】

noun:

• truth of the middle (all things are in a middle state, being void yet having temporary existence) - Buddhism term ➜ 三諦

expression:

• temptation one can't resist; setting a wolf to mind the sheep; trusting a cat with milk - idiom

expression / noun:

• official history (e.g. a state-sanctioned account of history subject to revision when the government changes)

noun:

• Edo-era street merchant who carried wares hanging from a pole, hawking them in the street - obscure term

noun:

• sugidama; ball made from sprigs of Japanese cedar, traditionally hung in the eaves of sake breweries

noun:

• Galapagos shark (Carcharhinus galapagensis, species of circumtropical requiem shark found in the reef environments around oceanic islands)

noun:

• striped-fin surgeonfish (Ctenochaetus marginatus, species of bristletooth tangs from the Pacific); blue-spotted bristletooth

noun:

• stripe-tailed goanna (Varanus caudolineatus, species of carnivorous monitor lizard native to the forests of Western Australian)

noun:

• Platax (genus of 5 extant species of Indo-Pacific batfish in the spadefish family Ephippidae)

noun:

• Protectorate General to Pacify the North; Tang-period Chinese office established in Inner Mongolia in 669 CE ➜ 都護府

noun:

• Protectorate General of the Western Regions; Han-period Chinese office established in East Turkestan in 60 BCE ➜ 都護府

noun:

• Protectorate General of the Central Asian Nomadic Lands; Chinese office established in Inner Mongolia in 650 CE ➜ 都護府

noun:

• spring "tsuchinoe" day that falls closest to the vernal equinox (a day of religious significance for harvests) ➜ 社日・戊【つちのえ】

noun:

• party to celebrate the successful completion of a project (job, concert, play, etc.); celebration party ➜ 打ち上げ会

noun:

• Treaty of Non-Aggression between Germany and the Soviet Union (1939); German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact

noun:

• six objective fields of the senses (shape and colour, sound, scent, flavour, physical feeling, and mental presentation) - Buddhism term

expression / noun:

• fiscal cliff; sharp decline in the United States budget deficit that could have occurred beginning in 2013

noun:

• Certificate for Students Achieving the Proficiency Level of Upper Secondary School Graduates; Japanese high-school equivalency examination

noun:

• Certificate for Students Achieving the Proficiency Level of Upper Secondary School Graduates; Japanese high-school equivalency examination - abbreviation ➜ 高等学校卒業程度認定試験

noun:

• Certificate for Students Achieving the Proficiency Level of Upper Secondary School Graduates; Japanese high-school equivalency examination - abbreviation ➜ 高校卒業程度認定試験

noun:

• wooden ladle or rod used to stir the rice porridge used in a kayaura divination ➜ 粥占