godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to knead; to thicken into a paste (stirring over a flame)
• to polish (a plan, etc.); to refine; to elaborate; to work out
• to train; to drill; to exercise
• to gloss (silk); to soften; to degum ［練る］
• to tan (leather)
• to temper (steel) - also written as 錬る

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to walk in procession; to parade; to march - also written as 邌る

noun / ~する noun:

• slamming one's hand into the wall in front of somebody (e.g. to stop them from leaving; often viewed as romantic) - slang
• banging on the wall (e.g. to quieten one's neighbour) - colloquialism

expression:

• burying one's head in the sand (while leaving other parts of one's body exposed); exposing one's weak point while attempting to protect oneself; hiding one's head without hiding one's bottom [literal] - idiom

particle:

• indicates possessive - occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之 ➜ 乃
• nominalizes verbs and adjectives
• substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases ➜ が
• (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion - often ん
• (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis - female language
• (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to grow senile; to be childish with age
• to be mentally slow; to be befuddled
• to play stupid; to say something stupid (oft. on purpose; esp. as part of a comedic routine)
• to become engrossed (in something) ［ほうける］

expression:

• to sacrifice something small in order to save something great; to lose a leg to save one's life; to kill a small bug and help a large one - proverb

noun / ~する noun:

• appeal (e.g. to public opinion); plea; request
• appeal (e.g. sex appeal); attractiveness; allure
• appeal (e.g. in baseball) - Sports term
• emphasizing (strong points, etc.); showing off; touting; calling attention to; playing up; using as a selling point; pitch

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to read thoroughly; to read repeatedly
• to express (e.g. emotion in poetry)
• to read (extra meaning) into (something)
• to fetch (e.g. CPU inst.); to read (data into a system); to load - IT term

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to put in order; to arrange; to tidy up; to straighten; to adjust; to fix - esp. 整える
• to get ready; to prepare; to arrange; to supply; to assemble; to buy - esp. 調える
• to work out (e.g. business deal); to arrange (e.g. marriage); to settle - esp. 調える

noun / ~する noun:

• autumn colours; fall colors; leaves changing color (colour)
• leaves turning red; red leaves ［こうよう・紅葉］
• leaves turning yellow; yellow leaves ［こうよう・黄葉］

noun:

• (Japanese) maple (Acer japonicum) ［もみじ］ ➜ 以呂波紅葉
• venison ［もみじ］ - colloquialism
• layered colors in garments, resembling autumn colors ➜ 紅葉襲

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to advance; to move forward; to put (a clock, watch) forward
• to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to make progress in; to further; to advance; to hasten; to speed up
• to raise; to elevate; to promote; to develop; to stimulate (e.g. one's appetite)

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become familiar with - esp. 慣れる
• to become skilled in; to become experienced at - esp. 慣れる
• to become tame; to become domesticated - esp. 馴れる

ichidan verb / auxiliary verb:

• to get used to doing - after the -masu stem of a verb

noun:

• plan of a house; arrangement of rooms; list of rooms in an apartment, excluding bathroom and toilet, encoded as a string of digits and letters (e.g. "2DK" for a two-room apartment with a kitchen/dining area)

godan ~す verb / intransitive verb:

• to stretch; to extend; to lengthen; to spread

godan ~す verb:

• to gain influence; to become stronger; to increase (e.g. in scope)

godan ~す verb / intransitive verb:

• to go further

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to smooth out; to roll out
• to spread out (something folded)
• to iron
• to knock out; to knock down

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to be crowded; to be packed
• to be complex ➜ 手の込んだ

auxiliary verb:

• to go into; to put into; to remain (seated); to be plunged into (silence); to do thoroughly ［込む］
• to do intently ［込む］
• to continue in the same state ［込む］

noun:

• nine levels of Amitabha's Pure Land - abbreviation - Buddhism term ➜ 浄土
• Amitabha's Pure Land ［くほん］ ➜ 九品浄土
• nine-tiered lotus leaf platform in Amitabha's Pure Land ［くほん］ ➜ 九品蓮台

noun:

• red bean paste; red bean jam; anko - Food term ➜ 餡こ
• kudzu sauce - Food term ➜ 葛餡
• filling (of a dumpling, bun, etc., e.g. ground meat, vegetables, bean paste) - Food term
• filling (generally); a substance wrapped in something else (e.g. cushion stuffing) ➜ 餡子

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to make (the best) use of; to put to good use; to leverage (skills, attributes, experience, etc.); to capitalise on (experience, etc.)
• to let live; to keep alive
• to revive; to resuscitate; to bring back to life
• to restore (a deleted passage; in proofreading)

adverb / ~と adverb / ~する noun:

• slowly (but steadily); gradually; bit-by-bit - onomatopoeia
• irritatedly; impatiently - onomatopoeia
• scorchingly (of the sun) - onomatopoeia
• sizzling (i.e. sound of frying in oil) - onomatopoeia
• sound of a warning bell, alarm clock, etc. - onomatopoeia
• oozing out (oil, sweat, etc.); seeping out - onomatopoeia

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to become; to get; to grow; to be; to reach; to attain
• to result in; to prove to be
• to consist of; to be composed of
• to succeed; to be complete
• to change into; to be exchanged for
• to play a role ➜ 成り済ます
• to be promoted - Shōgi term

godan ~る verb:

• to do ... - as お+masu-stem+になる, ご+noun+になる, etc. - honorific language

godan ~う verb / transitive:

• to think; to consider; to believe - 想う has connotations of heart-felt
• to think (of doing); to plan (to do)
• to judge; to assess; to regard
• to imagine; to suppose; to dream
• to expect; to look forward to
• to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want
• to recall; to remember

noun / ~する noun:

• joining; joint
• intermediation; acting as an intermediary

noun / ~する noun / ~の noun:

• relaying; taking over

noun:

• middle relief pitcher; middle reliever - abbreviation - Baseball term ➜ 中継ぎ投手
• pole-shaped item with a join in the middle
• tea container with a lid that is the same size as the body

noun / adjectival noun:

• one's own convenience; one's way; selfishness

noun:

• surroundings; environment; way of doing things
• convenience; ease of use
• financial circumstances; living; livelihood
• kitchen ➜ 台所
• right hand (in archery); hand that pulls the bowstring

prefix noun:

• unauthorised (e.g. phone app, WWW site); unofficial

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to put on (one's head); to wear; to have on; to pull over (one's head); to crown (oneself)
• to be covered with (dust, snow, etc.); to pour (water, etc.) on oneself; to dash on oneself; to ship water
• to bear (e.g. someone's debts, faults, etc.); to take (blame); to assume (responsibility); to shoulder (burden)
• to overlap (e.g. sound or color)
• to be similar; to be redundant

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be fogged (due to overexposure, etc.) - of film
• to close; to come to an end - of a play, etc.
• to get a full house; to sell out - of a play, etc.
• to blunder; to bungle; to fail - of a play, etc. - archaism ➜ 毛氈を被る
• to be deceived - archaism

noun:

• publication (e.g. of an article in a newspaper); carrying (e.g. a story); running (e.g. a serial); insertion (e.g. of an advertisement); printing; posting (e.g. on the web)