noun:

• black-lacquered headgear (made of silk, cloth or paper) originally worn by court nobles in ancient Japan, and afterwards spreading to the common people

expression:

• something that cannot be done no matter how hard one tries (and is slightly frustrating because of this); eye drops from the second floor [literal] - idiom

noun:

• namahage; folklore demons of the Oga Peninsula (villagers dress up as them on New Year's Eve and frighten children)

noun:

• official during the ritsuryo period who was allowed to use the state-provided stables and horses - archaism

noun:

• literary form imparting the nuance of polite speech (with sentences ending in "desu" and verbs ending in "masu") ➜ ですます体

noun:

• type of imperial banquet held during the Heian period and later
• being dead drunk; being very drunk - original meaning - archaism

noun:

• bowl of rice; single serving of rice
• bowl of rice placed by the pillow of the recently deceased

expression / adverb:

• in the end; after all is said and done; at the striped mullet's ultimate maturity (when the striped mullet is fully grown) [literal] ➜ 鯔【とど】

noun:

• five fruits (peach, Japanese plum, apricot, jujube, Japanese chestnut)
• five types of effect in cause-and-effect relationships ［五果］ - Buddhism term
• five effects of ignorance and formations on one's current life ［五果］ - Buddhism term

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to look at; to gaze at; to watch; to stare at
• to look out over; to get a view of; to admire (e.g. the scenery)
• to look on (from the sidelines); to stand by and watch; to observe

noun / ~する noun / ~の noun:

• inflection of words (e.g. declension of nouns and conjugation of verbs) - Linguistics term

expression / adverb:

• by day and night; day and night; round the clock

noun:

• special seats and standing-only space in the galley for people who only intend to see one act of a kabuki play

noun:

• golden spadefish (Platax boersii, species of Indo-West Pacific spadefish found in Indonesia, New Guinea, and the Philippines); Boer's batfish

noun:

• new straw; straw from the current year
• rice seedlings boiled and dried and then tied into a woman's hair to chase evil spirits away

expression:

• A single seed can eventually produce a great harvest; Even the smallest beginning can generate a greatest profit; Watch the pennies, and the pounds will look after themselves - four character idiom

noun:

• qian (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: heaven, northwest)

noun:

• spine; line of the backbone
• seam down the back (of clothing)

noun:

• xun (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: wind, southeast)

noun:

• dui (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: swamp, west)

noun:

• worrying about the conditions of the country out of sheer patriotism - four character idiom

noun:

• scholar who knows but little of the ways of the world - four character idiom

noun:

• worrying about the conditions of the country out of sheer patriotism - four character idiom

noun:

• kun (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: earth, southwest)

noun:

• gen (one of the trigrams of the I Ching: mountain, northeast)