expression:

• person who swaggers about under borrowed authority; small man acting arrogantly through borrowed authority; a fox that borrows the authority of a tiger [literal] - idiom

noun / ~する noun:

• (apostatizing through) trampling on a fumi-e; trampling on a tablet bearing Christian images ➜ 踏み絵

noun:

• allegiance test; loyalty test ➜ 踏み絵

noun:

• rock (in rock, paper, scissors game) ➜ じゃん拳・グー

adverb / noun:

• sound made through constricted throat - onomatopoeia ➜ ぐうの音も出ない
• sound made in suffering or under adversity - onomatopoeia

noun:

• air-damper (e.g. in chimney)
• wind door; door through which wind blows, e.g. to cool a room - archaism

expression:

• like father, like son; the apple doesn't fall far from the tree; the child of a frog is a frog [literal] - proverb

noun:

• branch of a sacred tree (esp. sakaki) with paper or cotton strips attached (used as an offering) - Shintō term
• sakaki (species of evergreen sacred to Shinto, Cleyera japonica) ➜ 榊

expression:

• a fox is not taken twice in the same snare; there are no birds in last year's nest; there aren't always loach under the willow tree [literal] - obscure term

godan ~く verb:

• to blow through; to blow over; to blow itself out

noun:

• turning evil into good through indoctrination; following the teachings of Buddha to turn the world's evil into good - Buddhism term

noun:

• group comprising the lowest rank of Japan's Edo-period caste system (often ex-convicts or vagrants)
• non-human - Buddhism term

noun:

• countryside dialect - Linguistics term
• sociolect or secret language used by prostitutes in red-light districts during the Edo period - Linguistics term

noun:

• glacial period; glacial epoch; glacial era; ice age

ichidan verb:

• to hold onto (for a long period); to persist in; to maintain

expression:

• to be unable to accomplish something because one has chosen the wrong method; to ask for the impossible; to look for fish by climbing a tree (Mencius) [literal] - variant of 木に縁りて... - proverb ➜ 木に縁りて魚を求む【きによりてうおをもとむ】

expression / ~する verb (irregular):

• to lose composure; to be upset; to be flurried; to lose one's head (through shock) ➜ 動転

noun:

• district; county ［ぐん］
• district (of 2-20 50-home neighbourhoods or townships, in the ritsuryo period) ➜ 国郡里制

noun:

• lady's pin money (pocket money); payment to a cosmetician ［けしょうりょう］
• cosmetic material ［けしょうりょう］
• dowry (Edo period)

noun:

• Feudal period (characterized by the rule of the shogunate as opposed to emperor, 1185-1867 CE) ➜ 王朝時代

noun:

• ridged wooden bench used in SM practices (and in the Edo period for torturing female prisoners)

noun:

• form of ancient Chinese entertainment similar to a circus (brought to Japan during the Nara period) ➜ 猿楽

noun:

• tatami-mat room rented out for meetings, meals, etc.
• place for assignations
• (Edo-period) brothel

noun:

• Protectorate General to Pacify the East; Tang-period Chinese office established in Pyongyang in 668 CE ➜ 都護府

noun:

• Protectorate General to Pacify the West; Tang-period Chinese office established in Xinjiang in 640 CE ➜ 都護府

noun:

• act (of a Chinese drama); scene
• paragraph (esp. of an Edo-period novel); passage; section

noun:

• ground stone tool from the late Jomon period (named after its similarity to the Buddhist tokko) ➜ 独鈷