noun:

• mortarboard; trencher
• (square) academic cap formerly worn by Japanese university students

noun:

• small cedar - abbreviation - archaism
• thin Japanese paper (used as tissue during the Edo period) ➜ 小杉原

noun:

• Zen (Buddhism) - archaism - obscure term ➜ 禅宗
• confusing style of middle-age Japanese poetry - derogatory term ➜ 達磨歌

noun:

• ancient language; ancient word
• ancient Japanese language; Japanese as spoken from the end of the 6th century to the end of the Nara period - Linguistics term

noun:

• golden cuttlefish (Sepia esculenta)
• Japanese spineless cuttlefish (Sepiella japonica)

noun:

• lipstick brush
• variety of Japanese apricot ➜ 梅【うめ】

noun:

• simple meal eaten before tea is served ➜ 茶懐石
• sophisticated traditional Japanese cuisine brought in courses ➜ 懐石料理

noun:

• Western language
• Japanese word of Western origin

noun:

• udumbara (mythical Indian plant often identified with the cluster fig, Ficus glomerata)
• something very rare (from the legend that it flowers once in 3000 years)
• Japanese fiber banana flower ➜ 芭蕉
• green lacewing eggs ➜ 草蜉蝣

noun:

• plectrum; pick - esp. 撥
• drumstick for Japanese drums (e.g. taiko) - esp. 枹,桴

noun:

• multi-millionaire; extremely rich person
• Japanese card game ➜ 大貧民

noun:

• mint (e.g. peppermint, spearmint, etc.)
• Japanese peppermint (Mentha arvensis var. piperascens)

noun:

• dropping; losing - abbreviation
• missing item; something one forgot to write down
• trap
• wooden protrusion from a Japanese door frame that fits a hole in the threshold, acting as a lock when closed
• conclusion (of a speech, etc.)
• metallic bowl used to hold the charcoal in a wooden hibachi ➜ 落とし掛け

noun:

• area in Tokyo
• Japanese government departments (euph)

noun:

• prisoner; captive; prisoner of war
• Emishi allied with the Japanese during the Nara and Heian periods ➜ えみし

noun / ~する noun:

• return to the United States

noun:

• term used to refer to Japanese-American children (nisei) who were sent by their parents to Japan before WW2 to receive their schooling

noun:

• famous sword; sword blade by Masamune
• sake; Japanese rice wine; brand of sake from Nada region during Tenpō era (1830-1844) - colloquialism

noun:

• buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)
• soba; Japanese buckwheat noodles ［そば］ ➜ 蕎麦切り

noun:

• chimney - archaism ➜ 煙突
• kiseru; Japanese smoking pipe

noun:

• going round in circles; game of cat and mouse; pointless and repetitive back-and-forth - idiom
• itachigokko; Japanese children's game - original meaning

noun:

• mekuri karuta (card game popular in the late Edo period)
• hanafuda; Japanese playing cards (12 suits of 4 cards, each suit representing a month indicated by a flower) ➜ 花札

noun:

• snow boots - esp. 雪靴
• yuki-gutsu; traditional Japanese snow boots made of straw - esp. 雪沓

noun:

• right; right hand side
• afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing); foregoing; forgoing; above ➜ 右に同じ

noun:

• clothing; clothes
• kimono (or other trad. Japanese clothing)

noun / ~する noun / ~の noun:

• betterment; improvement
• kaizen (Japanese business philosophy of continuous improvement) - often written カイゼン - usually written using kana alone