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JLPTN4
乗り換える☆【のりかえるnorikaeru】乗り替える・乗りかえる Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to transfer (trains); to change (bus, train)
  • to change one's mind; to move on to (e.g. a new love interest); to change methods; to change one's way of thinking

新宿shinjukuでde電車denshaをwo乗り換えるnorikaeruんnだdaよyo。 You have to change trains at Shinjuku.

せるseru・させるsaseru Inflection

auxiliary verb / ichidan verb:

  • auxiliary verb indicating the causative - せる is for 五段 verbs, させる for 一段; follows the imperfective form of (v5) and (vs) verbs; senses 1-3 of せる are sometimes abbreviated as 〜す
  • auxiliary verb indicating that one has been granted the permission to do something - usu. as 〜(さ)せてもらう, 〜(さ)せていただく, etc. - humble language
  • auxiliary verb used as an honorific for others' actions - as 〜(さ)せられる, 〜あら(さ)せられる, 〜(さ)せ給う, etc. - honorific language
絵になる【えになるeninaru】 Inflection

expression / godan ~る verb:

  • to make a lovely picture; to be perfect for a picture - idiom

expression / noun or verb acting prenominally:

  • picture-perfect; picturesque - idiom
並び立つ【ならびたつnarabitatsu】並びたつ Inflection

godan ~つ verb / intransitive verb:

  • to stand in a line; to stand in a row
  • to be equal
がりがりgarigari・ガリガリGARIGARI Inflection

adverb / ~と adverb:

  • crunching; chewing or crushing something hard; scraping; scratching - onomatopoeia

adjectival noun:

  • hard and crunchy - onomatopoeia
  • very skinny; emaciated; all skin and bones - onomatopoeia
染み付く【しみつくshimitsuku】染みつく・沁みつく・染み着く・染着く・沁み着く・染付く・沁み付く Inflection

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

  • to be indelibly stained or ingrained; to be dyed in deeply
公傷制度【こうしょうせいどkoushouseido】

noun:

  • official injury exemption system; system for exempting players injured in an official match from pay reduction or demotion - Sports term
聞かす★【きかすkikasu】 Inflection

godan ~す verb / transitive:

  • to let (someone) hear; to tell (e.g. a story); to inform (of) ➜ 聞かせる
  • to make (someone) listen; to make (someone) understand; to drum into (someone) ➜ 聞かせる
  • to grip (someone) with skilful singing, storytelling, etc.; to hold (someone) enchanted by ➜ 聞かせる
聞かせる【きかせるkikaseru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to let (someone) hear; to tell (e.g. a story); to inform (of)
  • to make (someone) listen; to make (someone) understand; to drum into (someone)
  • to grip (someone) with skilful singing, storytelling, etc.; to hold (someone) enchanted by

助けtasukeをwo求めているmotometeiru私のwatashino声koeをwo彼kareにni聞かせるkikaseruのにnoni苦労kurouしたshita。 I had trouble making him hear me calling for help.

あのano男otokoをwo説き伏せようtokifuseyouとするtosuruのnoはha、オオカミOOKAMIにni道理douriをwo説いてtoite聞かせるkikaseruようなyounaものmonoだda。 You might as well reason with the wolf as try to persuade that man.

人手を増やす【ひとでをふやすhitodewofuyasu】 Inflection

expression / godan ~す verb:

  • to add to the staff; to increase the staff
積み上げる☆【つみあげるtsumiageru】積上げる Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to pile up; to make a heap; to lay (e.g. bricks)
  • to acquire (e.g. experience); to build (a reputation)

そしてsoshite、とりtoriわwa、このkono国kuniのno再建saikenにni加わるkuwawaruようyouにni尋ねよtazuneyoうu、221年間nenkanアメリカAMERIKAにおいてnioite行わokonawaれreたtaきたkita唯一yuiitsuのno方法houhou-硬くkatakuなっnaたta手teでde一つhitotsuずつzutsuブロックBUROKKUをwo積み上げtsumiage、レンガRENGAをwo積み上げるtsumiageruようyouにni。 And, above all, I will ask you to join in the work of remaking this nation, the only way it's been done in America for 221 years — block by block, brick by brick, calloused hand by calloused hand.

胸が騒ぐ【むねがさわぐmunegasawagu】 Inflection

expression / godan ~ぐ verb:

  • to feel uneasy; to get into a panic; to feel excited; to have one's heart beat wildly; to have a presentiment
ＨＰ【エイチピーEICHIPII・エッチピーETCHIPII】ｈｐ

noun:

潔い☆【いさぎよいisagiyoi】潔よいirr.・いさぎ良いirr. Inflection

adjective:

  • manly; sportsmanlike; gracious; gallant; resolute; brave
  • pure (heart, actions, etc.); upright; blameless
  • unsullied (e.g. scenery or object); pure; clean - archaism

彼kareはha負けmakeてteもmo潔いisagiyoi。 He is a good loser.

スクイズSUKUIZU☆ Inflection

noun / ~する noun:

  • squeeze (play) - Baseball term
  • (in scuba diving) discomfort or pain caused by increasing water pressure compressing body air spaces and pushing body tissue inward
JLPTN1
したためるshitatameru《認める》 Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to write (e.g. a letter); to draw up (a document); to take down (e.g. notes)
  • to have (lunch, dinner, etc.); to eat

彼kareはha遺書ishoをwoしたためたshitatameta。 He has drawn up a will.

相語らふ【あいかたらうaikatarau】

yodan ~ふ verb (archaic) / transitive:

  • to talk together - archaism
  • to be close; to be intimate; to form an intimate relationship (between a man and a woman) - archaism
  • to win someone over - archaism
鍾馗【しょうきshouki】鍾き

noun:

  • Shoki the Plague-Queller; Zhong Kui (traditional Chinese deity said to prevent plagues and ward off evil beings); vanquisher of ghosts and evil beings, and reputedly able to command 80,000 demons
  • Shoki (WWII fighter aircraft)
継ぎ足す【つぎたすtsugitasu】継足す・接ぎ足すirr. Inflection

godan ~す verb / transitive:

  • to extend (e.g. a house); to add to (e.g. coals to a fire)
細君【さいくんsaikun】

noun:

  • one's wife (when speaking with a close friend)
  • your wife (when speaking with a junior)

彼kareはha２年nen前maeにni細君saikunにni死なれたshinareta。 He had his wife die two years ago.

脈がある【みゃくがあるmyakugaaru】脈が有る Inflection

godan ~る verb (irregular) / expression:

  • to have a pulse; to be alive
  • to have a chance; to be not altogether hopeless
毒を以て毒を制す【どくをもってどくをせいすdokuwomottedokuwoseisu】

expression:

  • fight fire with fire; set a thief to catch a thief; fight one evil with another - idiom
少なくない【すくなくないsukunakunai】

expression:

  • not negligible; not a little; to no small degree; to no small extent; quite a lot
馬に乗るまでは牛に乗れ【うまにのるまではうしにのれumaninorumadehaushininore】

expression:

  • learn to crawl before you learn to walk; until you ride a horse, ride a cow [literal] - proverb
JLPTN5
締める☆【しめるshimeru】 Inflection

ichidan verb / transitive:

  • to tie; to fasten; to tighten Antonym: 緩める
  • to wear (necktie, belt); to put on
  • to total; to sum ➜ 〆る【しめる】
  • to be strict with ➜ 緊める【しめる】
  • to economize; to economise; to cut down on
  • to salt; to marinate; to pickle; to make sushi adding a mixture of vinegar and salt

運転者untenshaはhaシートベルトSHIITOBERUTOをwoしめるshimeruようにyouni指導shidouされたsareta。 The driver advised us to fasten our seat belts.

飛行機hikoukiがga乱気流rankiryuuにni近付いchikazuiてteいiたtaためtame操縦soujuu士shiはha乗客joukyakuにniシートベルトSHIITOBERUTOをwo締めるshimeruようyou呼びかけyobikakeたta。 As the plane was approaching turbulence, the pilot asked the passengers aboard the plane to fasten their seat belts.

彼kareはha夏natsuのno熱いatsui時期jikiにniネクタイNEKUTAIをwo締めるshimeruのnoをwoいやがるiyagaru。 He hates wearing a tie during the summer heat.

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