godan ~く verb / transitive:

• to dust; to remove dust
• to slap; to hit (with the palm)
• to use up money

godan ~る verb:

• to be on the verge; to be on the brink; to get close ➜ なりかける

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to slacken; to loosen; to relax; to droop (e.g. loose or flabby skin); to sag (ceiling)
• to slack off (e.g. one's work, attention); to not put one's heart in

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to flick off; to give ... the flick; to send something flying; to hit (a person); to knock down

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be renewed; to change ［改まる］
• to be improved; to be reformed; to be revised; to be corrected ［改まる］
• to stand on ceremony; to be formal ［改まる］
• to take a turn for the worse (of an illness); to take a serious turn

ichidan verb:

• to cut up; to cut and discard; to eliminate systematically (in fault-finding); to isolate

~する verb (spec.) / intransitive verb:

• to close in on (30 years of age, etc.); to approach; to get close to ➜ 垂んとす

godan ~す verb / intransitive verb:

• to face each other; to be opposite one another ➜ 相対する
• to be in opposition; to conflict

~する verb (spec.) / intransitive verb:

• to face each other; to be opposite one another
• to be in opposition; to conflict

godan ~つ verb / intransitive verb:

• to stand; to rise; to stand up ［立つ］
• to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position) ［立つ］
• to depart (on a plane, train, etc.) - usu. 発つ

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to hear; to catch (the sound of something)
• to hear about (rumour, etc.); to overhear; to learn of (something)
• to get used to hearing

expression:

• to close in on (30 years of age, etc.); to approach; to get close to - archaism ➜ 垂んとする

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to be absorbed in thought; to muse; to muse about; to think things through ➜ 考え事に耽る

noun:

• part of the feet from the ankles to the tips of the toes

noun:

• marriage in which the bride lives temporarily in her parents' home

noun:

• social progress; getting ahead in society; moving up in the world

noun / expression:

• in the belly
• in one's heart of hearts

~たる adjective / ~と adverb:

• very much out in the open (as in a information)

expression / adjective:

• well-versed (in); profoundly knowledgeable (about); high in the attainment (of) - usu. as ”～に造詣が深い

expression:

• "the shoemaker's children go barefoot" [figurative]; the dyer wears white [literal]; specialists often fail to apply their skills to themselves

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to turn up; to roll up (e.g. sleeves)

auxiliary verb / godan ~る verb:

• to do over and over again; to do relentlessly; to do with reckless abandon

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to stage a comeback (against) (in mahjong, horse racing, etc.); to come from behind - slang

~の noun / adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• side; edge; beside; besides; nearby ➜ 傍らに

adverbial noun:

• while (doing); in addition to; at the same time - usually written using kana alone

noun:

• useless book learning; knowing the theory but being able to put it into practice; practising swimming in a field [literal] - idiom - humorous term

noun / suffix:

• including; inclusive of ［こみ］

noun:

• komi; extra points given to the white player as compensation for playing second (in go) - usu. コミ - usually written using kana alone - abbreviation ➜ コミ出し【コミだし】

noun:

• iteration mark shaped like the hiragana "ku" (used in vertical writing to represent repetition of two or more characters) ➜ 踊り字