noun:

• parting (with)

noun:

• redundant keigo (i.e. improper use of the -rareru honorific form together with an honorific verb such as ossharu)

noun:

• (the likes of) a mere tradesman - four character idiom

noun:

• Cirsium dipsacolepis (perennial plant of the thistle family)

noun:

• Michinoshi (fifth highest of the eight hereditary titles) - archaism ➜ 八色の姓

suffix:

• first doing of ... (ever, in one's life, in the new year, etc.) - after the -masu stem of a verb

noun:

• rupakaya (the physical body, esp. of a buddha) - Buddhism term

noun:

• Eucharist (in Catholicism); Holy Communion

noun:

• living god (honorific term for the emperor) - archaism ➜ 現つ神

noun:

• human chain (chain of people holding hands, usually in protest)

noun:

• layering (e.g. in gardening)

noun:

• Golden Light Sutra (as translated into Chinese by the monk I Ching) ➜ 金光明経

noun:

• Pentateuch (first five books of the Bible, traditionally attributed to Moses) - obscure term ➜ モーセ五書

noun:

• four realms (in Tendai Buddhism or Yogacara) - Buddhism term

noun:

• lek (communal ground used by birds in mating season); lekking

noun:

• opinion (in legal context); indication

~する noun:

• to hold that (in legal context); to judge that

noun:

• Arrow War (the second Opium War, 1856-1860) ➜ アヘン戦争【アヘンせんそう】

noun:

• impulse conduction system (of the heart)

noun:

• temporal bone (of the skull)

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to be wide-eyed (in surprise); to open one's eyes wide (in wonder); to be amazed (at, by)

noun:

• mashed rice pressed on a cryptomeria skewer and toasted (used as dumplings in soups)

noun:

• seasoning (with salt)

noun:

• northern ridge-tailed monitor (Varanus primordius, species of carnivorous monitor lizard native to the Northern Territory of Australia); blunt-spined goanna

noun:

• Triad (secret Chinese society usually associated with organized crime) ➜ 会党

noun:

• Fuji School (archaic name for the Nichiren Shoshu branch of Buddhism) - archaism ➜ 日蓮正宗