noun / ~する noun:

• foundation of a temple; laying a foundation (stone)
• open base - Mathematics term

noun / ~する noun:

• inundating a castle; cutting off a castle's water supply

noun / ~する noun:

• (making a) telephone call; (having a) telephone conversation; calling; dialing

interjection:

• uh-huh; mm-hmm

adverb / ~と adverb:

• with a moan; with a groan

noun:

• nucleus (of a project proposal, of a social movement, etc.) - four character idiom

noun:

• being a match for thousands; being a mighty warrior (combatant) - four character idiom

~と adverb:

• (with a) click (e.g. camera shutter); (with a) snap - onomatopoeia

noun:

• prevailing mood of a locality; emotional climate of a district

noun:

• weight (of a fishing net); sinker (on a fishing line)

noun:

• one summer (during which a monk attends a summer retreat) - Buddhism term ➜ 安居【あんご】

noun:

• ending a sentence with a noun or noun phrase ➜ 名詞止め

noun:

• underside of a bird's wing
• lining of a haori ➜ 羽織

noun:

• person with a humble salary; person of a low condition

noun:

• through a wall; on the other side of a wall - usu. as 壁越しに

noun:

• urheimat; original homeland of a people or of a language

noun:

• straight A's; all A's ➜ 全優【ぜんゆう】

noun:

• books related to the calendar; the calendar; the almanac ➜ 暦

noun:

• reproduction right; right of reproduction; right to make copies

noun:

• administrative ability; managerial ability; ability to manage; administrative capacity

noun:

• child (esp. a boy)
• viscount ➜ 子爵
• master (founder of a school of thought, esp. Confucius) - honorific language
• philosophy (branch of Chinese literature); non-Confucian Hundred Schools of Thought writings ➜ 諸子百家
• you (of one's equals) - archaism

suffix noun:

• -er (i.e. a man who spends all his time doing...)

expression:

• first; firstly; first of all; to begin with; in the beginning; at the beginning
• Introduction; Preface - as section heading of a book, etc. - usually written using kana alone

adverb:

• as much as possible; as far as possible; to the best of one's ability; diligently

noun / ~する noun:

• national isolation; closing the country (to foreigners) ➜ 開国

noun:

• sakoku; policy of national isolation enacted by the Tokugawa shogunate

noun:

• left-off cargo; passengers left behind
• rounding error; truncation error; remainder after truncation to an integer value - Mathematics term

expression:

• it's hard to please everybody; damned if you do and damned if you don't - proverb