noun / ~する noun:

• starting a train (or bus, etc.) before all the passengers are on board
• making a snap decision; starting an action without considering objections to it any longer

godan ~む verb:

• to become sick; to be struck by a disaster; to hinder; to be hindered; to run into problems; to have an accident - archaism

auxiliary verb / ichidan verb:

• indicates passive voice (incl. the "suffering passive") - れる for 五段 verbs, られる for 一段 verbs. After the -nai stem of a verb ➜ 迷惑の受身【めいわくのうけみ】
• indicates the potential form - no imperative form
• indicates spontaneous occurrence - no imperative form
• used as an honorific for others' actions - no imperative form - honorific language

noun:

• pine, bamboo and plum (together an auspicious grouping)
• high, middle and low (ranking); top, middle and bottom; upper, medium, lower; first, second and third (class) - from 松 down to 梅

noun:

• three great nobles of the Restoration (Okubo Toshimichi, Saigo Takamori and Kido Takayoshi); three statesmen who played an important role during the Meiji Restoration

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to make a mistake; to commit an error; to commit a fault

godan ~す verb:

• to start making a noise; to start making an uproar; to go beserk

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to arrive at (after a struggle); to finally reach; to find one's way to; to finally hit on (e.g. an idea)

expression / godan ~つ verb:

• to establish oneself in life; to achieve success; to reach a high position
• to begin life (as an adult); to step out into the world

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to place one's arms under those of the opponent and lift them up, in order to prevent an overhand grip on one's mawashi - Sumo term

noun:

• doorstop interview; doorstep interview; on-the-move interview; informal interview in which reporters surround a public figure and prod him for an off-the-cuff response

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to have readied a bow and stand at ready; to watch for an opportunity; to bide one's time; to wait until the time is ripe ➜ 満を持する

noun:

• fixed game; bid-rigging; put-up job; contest in which the victor is practically known beforehand (e.g. due to unfair conditions or an obvious difference in strength) - from 出来合いのレース - abbreviation

noun / ~する noun:

• shift away from manufacturing to an information and service-based economy - Economics term
• softening
• release (e.g. of a movie) on home video (e.g. DVD, BD, VHS)

noun:

• expanded system of guilt by association in Japanese election law, which stipulates that an elected official may lose his position if someone in his campaign commits a crime ➜ 連座制

noun:

• black hair that has been dyed blond after the roots begin to grow in at the top giving an appearance much like custard pudding; pudding head [literal] - colloquialism

noun:

• conical hat (East-Asian style); coolie hat
• something shaped like a conical hat or an umbrella; shade (of a lamp); mushroom cap; pileus ➜ 傘【かさ】

noun:

• catchers who warm up pitchers in the bullpen - Baseball term
• tank (character that soaks up damage for the rest of the party in an MMORPG)

noun:

• social organisation for people originating from the same town, village, or island who live in an urban center far from home (predominantly used by people from Okinawa)

noun:

• day off (between working days)
• 50th, 53rd, 55th or 59th day of the sexagenary cycle ➜ 八専
• non-fever day (when running an intermittent fever, e.g. malaria)

expression / godan ~く verb:

• to be enrolled (in a college, course of study, etc.); to be a member (of an organization)

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to affect a serene mood; to affect a serious demeanor; to act prudishly; to assume an air of superiority

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to make a great fuss; to raise a hue and cry; to make an uproar; to clamour

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to make narrower; to shut (an umbrella); to shrug (one's shoulders); to purse (one's lips)

~の noun / noun:

• once in an emperor's reign; event that takes place only once in a sovereign's reign - four character idiom