noun:

• fire festival (often celebrating the absence of fires)
• New Year's ritual at Izumo Shrine
• festival involving fire dedicated to the gods

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to lead a stingy life; to scrimp and save; to pinch pennies; to light one's fingernail (instead of a candle) [literal]

noun:

• Edo miso; type of miso produced in the Tokyo area since the Edo period (usu. low-salt and made with rice koji) ➜ 味噌

noun:

• land-tax rate during the Edo period (the government took 60 percent of the year's rice crop and the farmers kept 40 percent) - four character idiom

noun:

• Maria Kannon; statue of the Virgin Mary disguised as a Buddhist Kannon statue, used by hidden Christians during the Edo period ➜ マリア・観音

noun:

• political offense; political offence; political crime ➜ 政治犯罪
• political offender; political prisoner; prisoner of conscience

noun:

• panel; scene-panel
• painted backdrop (panel at the back of a noh stage), on which a pine tree is painted - symbolically a reflection of tree at the front of the stage

noun:

• substitute national holiday; day off in lieu of a national holiday that falls on a Sunday; compensatory holiday

noun:

• Dynastic period (the Nara period and esp. the Heian period, characterized by the rule of the emperor as opposed to shogunate) ➜ 武家時代

noun:

• Qi (kingdom in China during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Period of the Warring States); Ch'i

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to panic (from the flu panics of late 2000's and early 2010's); to act frantically; to act bizarrely - slang ➜ タミフル

noun:

• altering pronunciation or meaning; word with altered pronunciation or meaning
• turning or twisting part of a text (in Chinese poetry) - abbreviation ➜ 転句【てんく】

noun:

• semi-Western, semi-Japanese wooden sailing boat, popular during the latter half of the Meiji period and the Taisho period

expression / godan ~つ verb:

• to have a well-defined character (of video game, anime, etc. character); to stand out as a character

noun:

• child born of older parents ➜ 年寄りっ子
• child raised by grandparents; child spoiled by doting grandparents ➜ 年寄りっ子

noun:

• parting of the ways; the way to hades; one's way after the parting

noun:

• one's true worth; one's true self; what one is really made of

ichidan verb:

• to take all things together; to include everything; to take account of everything

godan ~る verb:

• to be awash with; to teem with; to be full of

noun:

• Japanese wobbegong (Orectolobus japonicus, species of carpet shark); Japanese carpet shark; fringe shark

noun:

• soda-lime-silica glass; soda-lime glass (most common type of glass)

noun:

• large grass yellow (species of butterfly, Eurema hecabe); common grass yellow
• yellow butterfly

noun:

• middle of the road; on the road
• on the way (to one's destination)

noun:

• child born of older parents
• child raised by grandparents; child spoiled by doting grandparents

noun / ~する noun:

• male coming of age ceremony
• for a woman to shave her eyebrows, dye her teeth and wear her hair in the marumage style after marrying (Edo period)