noun:

• court of law in the Edo period, in which the parties sat on white sand - archaism

noun:

• sword-shaped stoneware found in archeological sites in eastern Japan dating to the end of the Jomon period

noun:

• ikebana; Japanese art of flower arrangement
• fresh flower; natural flower ［せいか］

noun:

• sillago (any fish of genus Sillago, esp. the Japanese whiting, Sillago japonica) - 鼠頭魚 is gikun

noun:

• pacifist constitution (often applied to the Japanese constitution); constitution which outlaws use of arms ➜ 日本国憲法

noun:

• chef (esp. of high-end Japanese cuisine); cook - Kantō dialect ➜ 板場【いたば】
• area of a kitchen that contains the chopping board - orig. meaning

noun:

• mole (Talpidae spp., esp. the small Japanese mole, Mogera imaizumii)

noun:

• row of syllables on the Japanese syllabary table that ends with the vowel sound "a" - Linguistics term ➜ 五十音

noun:

• row of syllables on the Japanese syllabary table that ends with the vowel sound "i" - Linguistics term ➜ 五十音

noun:

• row of syllables on the Japanese syllabary table that ends with the vowel sound "u" - Linguistics term ➜ 五十音

noun:

• row of syllables on the Japanese syllabary table that ends with the vowel sound "e" - Linguistics term ➜ 五十音

noun:

• row of syllables on the Japanese syllabary table that ends with the vowel sound "o" - Linguistics term ➜ 五十音

noun:

• Silver Week (any long string of Japanese public holidays other than Golden Week) - colloquialism ➜ ゴールデンウィーク

noun:

• Asian countries with strong anti-Japanese sentiment (i.e. China, South Korea, and North Korea) - colloquialism

noun:

• Certificate for Students Achieving the Proficiency Level of Upper Secondary School Graduates; Japanese high-school equivalency examination

noun:

• Certificate for Students Achieving the Proficiency Level of Upper Secondary School Graduates; Japanese high-school equivalency examination - abbreviation ➜ 高等学校卒業程度認定試験

noun:

• Certificate for Students Achieving the Proficiency Level of Upper Secondary School Graduates; Japanese high-school equivalency examination - abbreviation ➜ 高校卒業程度認定試験

noun:

• slide
• change (in value or situation); proportional change

~する noun:

• to slide; to slip
• to change (in value, e.g. with a sliding scale); to change (in situation)

expression:

• actio libera in causa; manufacturing the conditions of one's own defence (e.g. getting drunk in order to commit a crime)

noun / ~の noun:

• fine crystal; clear glass

expression:

• mirror found in hell in Enma's chamber that allows people to see their good and bad deeds - abbreviation ➜ 浄玻璃の鏡

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to be confused; to be in disorder; to be chaotic; to be crowded ➜ ごたごた
• to have troubles; to be in a dispute; to argue; to be entangled (in a situation) ➜ ごたごた

godan ~つ verb / transitive:

• to hit; to strike; to knock; to beat; to punch; to slap; to tap; to bang; to clap; to pound - also written as 拍つ, 搏つ, 撲つ, 擣つ
• to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (a drum, etc.)
• to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.)
• to move; to impress; to touch
• to drive in; to hammer in; to put in; to inject
• to type; to send; to transmit
• to insert; to write in; to mark
• to make (noodles, etc.); to prepare
• to till (soil)
• to sprinkle; to throw; to cast
• to do; to carry out; to play; to perform; to engage in (gambling, etc.)
• to pay (a deposit, etc.)
• to visit (on a pilgrimage)
• to line (a coat)
• to bind (a criminal)

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to lose; to be defeated
• to succumb; to give in; to surrender; to yield ［負ける］
• to be inferior to ［負ける］
• to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.) ［負ける］ ➜ 気触れる【かぶれる】

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to reduce the price; to give a discount; to throw in (something extra) for free ［負ける］

noun / ~の noun:

• seitai; manipulative therapy based on Chinese and Japanese traditions, and encompassing osteopathy, massage and chiropractic

noun:

• yokozuna (highest rank in sumo); grand champion - Sumo term
• best in its field; crème de la crème; cream of the crop