noun:

• kanji radical that runs from the left to the bottom part of the kanji; kanji enclosure-type radical - e.g. 道, 起

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to work; to labor; to labour
• to function; to operate; to be effective; to work (i.e. ... works); to come into play
• to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate; to do; to act; to practise; to practice
• to be conjugated - Linguistics term

noun:

• being able to hear something (clearly); clearness of a sound; reception (e.g. of a radio station)
• reputation; renown; fame; hearsay
• impression (that something gives off); respectability
• sonority - Linguistics term

expression / ichidan verb:

• to draw the line (between two situations); to make a clear distinction ➜ けじめ
• to take clear responsibility for (mistakes, etc.)

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to adhere to; to stick to; to cling to
• to keep close to; to go along with
• to get involved with; to be thick with; to become intimate

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to torment; to pain; to inflict (physical) pain; to hurt
• to harass; to cause (emotional) pain; to afflict; to distress; to bother; to trouble; to stump; to baffle

noun:

• taiko; title for a regent, later for the grand chancellor, also for the father of an Imperial adviser (advisor) who passed the role to his son - esp. refers to Toyotomi Hideyoshi - honorific language ➜ 関白【かんぱく】

noun:

• emergency meeting of the upper house of the Diet (in response to dissolution of the lower house)

expression:

• preaching to the deaf; reading the nenbutsu into a horse's ear [literal] - idiom ➜ 念仏

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to remain in the morning sky (i.e. the moon and stars) ➜ 暮れ残る

noun:

• leap up from the initial charge in order to surprise the opponent - Sumo term

noun:

• adapting oneself to the requirements of the moment; playing it by ear ➜ 臨機応変

noun:

• rushing to get on the train (bus, etc.) before the door closes

noun:

• Epistle to the Corinthians (comprising two books of the Bible) - obscure term ➜ コリント人への手紙

noun:

• Epistle to the Corinthians (comprising two books of the Bible)

noun:

• period in the sixth and seventh centuries prior to the Taika reform ➜ 大化の改新

noun:

• backmarker (competitor at the tail of the field, likely to be lapped)

noun:

• Suffering, Source of Suffering Desire, The Cessation of Suffering, The Way Leading to the Cessation of Suffering (The Four Noble Truths of Buddhism) - Buddhism term ➜ 四諦

adjective:

• able to take a lot of punishment (of a boxer, etc.); able to take a hit - Martial Arts term
• able to keep one's cool when the batter gets a hit (of a baseball pitcher)
• resilient; strong in the face of criticism or adversity

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to talk; to speak; to converse; to chat
• to tell; to explain; to narrate; to mention; to describe; to discuss
• to speak (a language)

noun / ~する noun / ~の noun:

• reverse movement; retrogression; going backwards; moving in the wrong direction; running counter to (e.g. the laws of nature); running against (e.g. the tide of the times) Antonym: 順行
• retrogradation; retrogression - Astronomy term

ichidan verb / intransitive verb / transitive:

• to bear; to stand; to endure; to put up with

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to support; to withstand; to resist; to brave
• to be fit for; to be equal to

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to hit; to strike; to smash; to hammer in; to drive in
• to throw; to toss; to cast
• to mix
• to wear (sword, etc.); to carry

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to jump (out of the way); to jump back; to jump aside

expression / godan ~う verb:

• to be betrayed unexpectedly; to be stabbed in the back; to be double-crossed