noun:

• sword-shaped stoneware found in archeological sites in eastern Japan dating to the end of the Jomon period

noun:

• banishment (to a somewhat distant province); middle-degree punishment of the three banishment punishments under the ritsuryo system

noun:

• offering ceremony held on the third day of the dog after the winter solstice - Buddhism term
• twelfth month of the lunisolar calendar
• year in the Buddhist order (after the completion of the first meditation retreat) ➜ 臈

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to distribute; to hand out; to deliver; to deal out; to serve out
• to allot; to allocate; to place (staff, soldiers, etc.); to station

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to build up; to complete; to construct; to create; to put together
• to make up; to fabricate; to invent; to cook up

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to cross; to intersect; to join; to meet
• to associate with; to mingle with; to consort with
• to have a sexual relationship; to copulate

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to throw down; to bring down; to blow down; to fell; to knock down; to set (something) down on its side; to turn (something) on its side ［倒す］
• to kill; to defeat; to beat
• to overthrow; to trip up; to ruin ［倒す］
• to leave unpaid; to cheat ［倒す］

noun:

• drumming in the streets to announce a tournament - Sumo term
• announcing an event by walking around in the streets beating a drum; drum used to announce an event by walking around in the streets

expression / noun:

• changing seasons; season's transition; transition from one season to the next; turn of the seasons; turning of the seasons ➜ 移り変わり【うつりかわり】

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to pierce; to penetrate; to soak in; to permeate
• to sting (wound or sensitive area, etc.); to smart; to twinge ［染みる・沁みる］
• to be infected (with vice); to be steeped (with prejudice); to be influenced
• to feel keenly; to make a deep impression

noun:

• bath; bathtub ➜ お風呂
• bathroom; bathhouse
• room for drying lacquerware
• base (wooden joint connecting the blade of a hoe, spade, etc., to the handle)

noun:

• meat of a fish (e.g. tuna) that is dark red with blood, usu. coming from the parts close to the spine ➜ 血合い

godan ~ぶ verb / intransitive verb:

• to fall down; to fall over
• to turn out; to play out ［ころぶ］ - oft. as どう転んでも
• to abandon Christianity (and convert to Buddhism); to apostatize ［ころぶ］ - in early Japanese Christianity
• to roll; to tumble ➜ ころがる
• (for a geisha) to prostitute (herself) in secret - archaism

expression:

• pretending not to see something; turning a blind eye to; burying one's head in the sand

expression / ichidan verb:

• to trick someone (into confirming or revealing the truth); to ask a leading question - idiom

expression:

• pretending not to see something; turning a blind eye to; burying one's head in the sand ➜ 見て見ぬ振り

adjectival noun:

• comprador-like; being an underling to a foreign company to the detriment of one's own country

noun:

• private school that allows students to advance from one stage of education to the next, often kindergarten to university, without taking entrance exams en route; "escalator school" - colloquialism ➜ エスカレーター学校

noun:

• private school that allows students to advance from one stage of education to the next, often kindergarten to university, without taking entrance exams en route; escalator school [literal] - colloquialism ➜ エスカレーター校

expression / prefix:

• to allow oneself to ...; to take the liberty of ... - with noun+する or noun+をverb

expression:

• it is presumed that; (I, we) presume that
• on one's own accord; by one's arbitrary decision ➜ 勝手に

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to finger; to touch; to play with; to fiddle with; to toy with
• to make changes to; to tinker with; to tamper with ［いじる］
• to dabble in; to do as a hobby; to play around with ［いじる］
• to grope; to feel around (in one's pocket, bag, etc.) ［まさぐる］

expression / godan ~く verb:

• to spoil someone's start; to kill someone's enthusiasm; to take the wind out of someone's sails

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to wave; to shake; to swing
• to sprinkle; to throw (dice)
• to cast (actor); to allocate (work)
• to turn down (somebody); to reject; to jilt; to dump
• to abandon; to give up; to ruin
• to add kana indicating a reading of a word ➜ 振り仮名
• to slightly change headings; to change directions
• to extract by broiling; to prepare an infusion of; to decoct
• to carry with great vigor (e.g. a portable shrine)
• to bring up a topic; to lead to a topic
• to replace; to substitute
• to set up a joke for somebody else

godan ~く verb / transitive:

• to receive; to get; to accept; to take; to buy - humble language ➜ 貰う
• to eat; to drink - humble language - polite language
• to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head); to have (on top) - orig. meaning
• to have (as one's leader); to live under (a ruler); to install (a president)

auxiliary verb / godan ~く verb:

• to get somebody to do something - follows a verb in "-te" form - humble language ➜ 貰う【もらう】

noun:

• being driven to the wall; finding oneself between the devil and the deep blue sea; finding oneself between a rock and a hard place - four character idiom