noun:

• castle and moat; castle's moat - obscure term
• City God (Taoist guardian god of a city)

noun:

• southern barbarians (formerly used by the Chinese to refer to non-ethnic Chinese to the south) - archaism - derogatory term
• South-East Asia - archaism
• Western Europe (esp. Spain and Portugal, their South-East Asian colonies, and their goods and people arriving in Japan via the colonies) - archaism ➜ 紅毛

prefix:

• exotic (esp. Western European or South-East Asian style)

noun:

• (in dance, puppetry, etc.) thrusting the right foot and right arm forward at the same time (or left foot and left arm) - usu.ナンバ
• food prepared using chili peppers or Welsh onions - abbreviation ➜ 南蛮煮【なんばんに】

noun:

• method of learning through repetition conceived by Kageyama Hideo, which involves multiplying and other calculations carried out on a 10-by-10 grid of numbers

noun:

• soup with fried tofu, shiitake mushrooms, carrots, sweet potatoes and daikon flavored with salt or soy sauce and thickened with potato starch ➜ 濃餅

noun:

• (a) grain; (a) drop; (a) bead

adverb / noun or verb acting prenominally:

• a little; partially; somewhat; slightly; semi-; -ish; on the ... side; a short time; a while

noun:

• arranging a group of people so as to form a character or spell out a message

adjectival noun / noun:

• standing on formality; in a reserved manner; treating a friend as a stranger; unduly distant; formal - four character idiom

noun:

• batting eye; ability to judge whether a pitch will be called a ball or a strike - Baseball term

noun / ~する noun:

• forming a kong by adding a tile drawn from the wall to a declared pung - Mahjong term - From Chinese ➜ 槓

noun / ~する noun:

• entering a track (of a train); arrival of a train (at a platform)
• passing the post (horseracing); crossing the finish line

expression:

• a wise retainer chooses a great lord to serve; a wise bird chooses a good tree in which to roost [literal] - proverb

noun / ~する noun:

• deep realization (realisation); profound realization
• one's faith being transmitted to a deity and one's wish then being granted
• unexpectedly obtaining something

noun:

• 15th day of the 1st, 7th and 10th lunar months ➜ 上元・中元・下元
• heaven, earth and man
• 1st January; New Year's Day

noun or verb acting prenominally:

• ternary - Chemistry term

noun:

• colour and lustre; color and luster; complexion; colour; color

noun:

• hide-and-seek (game); hide-and-go-seek

expression / adverb:

• by day and night; day and night; round the clock

noun:

• every single word and phrase; each and every word - four character idiom

noun:

• every single word and phrase; each and every word - four character idiom

noun:

• one's family and relatives; one's kith and kin - four character idiom

noun:

• discrimination of right and wrong; distinguishing between right and wrong - four character idiom

noun / ~する noun:

• speak and write plainly (frankly); speak and write without reserve - four character idiom

noun / ~の noun:

• being young and spirited; being young and full of go - four character idiom

expression:

• Matter and mind are one; body and mind as one - four character idiom

noun:

• both labor and management; both the workers and the employers - four character idiom