expression:

• as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of)
• apart from... (used to change the topic)
• even (e.g. "not even a single person") - before a negative form
• thinking that...; trying to... - after a volitional form ➜ とする

noun:

• crossbow (incl. large models operated by a number of people)
• netted apparatus atop a wall containing large stones, which were dropped onto attackers by cutting the net
• slingshot; catapult

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to groan; to moan
• to roar; to howl; to growl
• to hum (engine, wind, etc.); to buzz; to whiz; to sough; to make a low, dull sound
• to ooh and aah (in admiration)

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to sing in a strong, low voice (esp. traditional chant or recitation)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be about to burst; to overflow

noun:

• passing each other; crossing paths without meeting; being at cross purposes

adverb / ~と adverb:

• rapidly; one after the other - onomatopoeia
• without hesitation; unreservedly; freely - onomatopoeia
• sound of tramping; stomping - onomatopoeia

noun:

• dolphin (or other small toothed whales, such as porpoises, belugas, etc.)

noun / adjectival noun:

• stubbornly sticking to old ways; narrow-mindedly rejecting other people's views - four character idiom

~と adverb:

• feelings; memories; imagined items or dreams that sprout up one after the other - onomatopoeia ➜ にょきにょき

noun:

• sake made from rice or other cereal which is chewed before fermentation

noun:

• ceremony for appointing officials other than ministers (from the Heian period)

noun:

• being victimized after reporting sexual or other harassment - From English "second harassment"

adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• any and every thing; altogether; lock, stock, and barrel; the whole shooting match; the whole kit and caboodle; without reserve - four character idiom

noun:

• haiku; 17-mora poem, usu. in 3 lines of 5, 7 and 5 morae

adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• Middle Ages (in Japan esp. the Kamakura and Muromachi periods ); medieval times; mediaeval times

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to sit in a row; to be present (and lined up)

noun:

• glasnost; Soviet policy of open discussion of political and social issues in the 1980s - From Russian "glasnost'"

noun:

• full of vigor and vitality (like the rising sun) (vigour); being in the ascendant - four character idiom

noun:

• ninjutsu (fighting art of the ninja); ninja skills in secrecy, stealth and combat techniques - Martial Arts term

noun:

• view in the distant offing where the sea and skyline cannot be distinguished - four character idiom

noun:

• translation (esp. in court); interpretation
• Edo-era translation of Dutch and Chinese

noun:

• in calligraphy, a style of holding the brush between the thumb and index finger ➜ 双鉤法

noun:

• in calligraphy, the four important tools of brush, ink stone, ink stick, and paper - four character idiom

expression:

• with great vigour; in leaps and bounds; with the force of surging waves [literal]

expression:

• slow and steady wins the race; there is luck in the last helping - proverb

noun:

• anticipating the escape of the king and blocking him in advance with a knight - Shōgi term