noun:

• invoking the coercive power of the state; calling upon the power of the state

conjunction:

• be that as it may; even so; though that be so

expression:

• together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)

auxiliary verb:

• (I) will; (I) shall - on non-五段 stem, e.g. 食べる→食べよう; indicates intention
• let's - on non-五段 stem; indicates suggestion or invitation
• (I) wonder (if); might it be (that); maybe; perhaps; perchance - on non-五段 stem; indicates speculation

interjection:

• hey; yo; hi - familiar language

particle:

• come on; hey - empathetic version of よ ➜ よ

noun:

• Mt Sumeru (in Buddhism - said to be the highest mountain rising in the center of the world) (centre)

noun:

• (member of the generation born in) the first nine years of the Shōwa period (from 1926 to 1934) - four character idiom

noun:

• Imperial official in charge of communication between the shogunate and the court (during the Muromachi and Edo periods) - four character idiom

noun or verb acting prenominally:

• tarsal (relating to the tarsus - a group of small bones between the tibia and fibula and the metatarsus)

noun:

• Potsdam Orders (commands made after the Japanese surrender based on the demands of the Potsdam Declaration) ➜ ポツダム宣言

noun:

• cold wind blowing at Lake Biwa around the 24th day of the second month of the lunisolar calendar ➜ 法華八講

noun:

• banishment (to a nearby province); the least severe of the three banishment punishments under the ritsuryo system

noun:

• one (esp. of two); the other; one way; the other way; one direction; the other direction; one side; the other side; one party; the other party

conjunction:

• on the one hand; on the other hand ➜ 他方
• whereas; although; but at the same time; meanwhile; in turn

adverbial noun / suffix noun:

• just keeps; being inclined to ...; tending to be ...; tending to do ...; continuously ...; just keeps on ...ing; only - after noun, adjective-stem or plain verb

noun:

• kindling burned in shrines and temples - archaism
• special kindling used in samurai families during the Edo period for the 15th of the first month and painted with 12 brush strokes (13 on a lucky year) - archaism
• kindling offered by officials to the imperial court during the ritsuryo period - archaism

noun:

• individual plate; single individual's small dish on which food taken from shared serving dishes is placed

~と adverb:

• quite indifferent; looking blank; looking as though one has nothing at all to do with what is going on

noun:

• post-retirement job; work done by a retired person where earning an income is not a primary concern - four character idiom

noun:

• gifted young person who shows much promise; unrecognized genius; great person whose talent is hidden under a bushel - four character idiom

noun:

• gifted young person who shows much promise; unrecognized genius; great person whose talent is hidden under a bushel - four character idiom

expression:

• spare no effort while you are young; heavy work in youth is quiet rest in old age - proverb

noun:

• fixed-interval transfer ceremony (wherein a shrine's sacred object is transferred to a newly constructed main hall)

expression:

• spare no effort while you are young; heavy work in youth is quiet rest in old age - proverb

noun:

• samya mandala (in Shingon); mandala where each deity is represented by an object (lotus flower, gem, sword, etc.) - Buddhism term ➜ 四種曼荼羅【ししゅまんだら】

noun:

• Genji (the character in the Genji Monogatari)
• the Minamoto family

noun:

• 8 am; the fifth hour; the Hour of the Dragon

noun:

• the kalpa of existence (the second aeon of the universe) - Buddhism term ➜ 四劫