noun:

• without intermission for many years; with constancy of purpose for many years; in the same old rut for years on end - four character idiom

godan ~く verb / transitive:

• to deduct; to take away; to dock
• to make allowances for something; to bear something in mind

godan ~く verb / intransitive verb:

• to ebb and flow

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to ride past (one's stop); to overshoot
• to climb over; to get over ➜ 乗り越える
• to overtake (in a vehicle); to pass

godan ~つ verb / intransitive verb:

• to be choppy; to run high; to swell; to ripple; to billow; to be in discord

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to go upstream
• to go back (in time, to origin); to date back to; to trace back to; to make retroactive

noun:

• the empress, the empress dowager and the grand empress dowager ➜ 三后
• emperor's second consort
• empress; palace of the empress
• building of a Shinto shrine built on middle ground
• demesne of the imperial palace ➜ 皇居

noun:

• queue jumping; breaking into a line; muscling in on; wedging oneself in; interruption; sharing a theater box (theatre)
• interrupt - IT term

adjectival noun:

• concerning the result (as opposed to the means used to achieve this result or the original goal)

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to obtain; to come into possession of; to get hold of; to get one's hands on

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to talk around something (exp. derived from having something stuck in your back teeth and thus be unable to speak clearly); to imply something in a roundabout way - idiom

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to bite into (e.g. rope into skin); to cut into; to dig into (e.g. of fingernails)
• to eat into; to encroach; to make inroads; to penetrate (e.g. a market); to break into (e.g. first place); to erode; to cut into (e.g. time, savings)
• to be wedged (i.e. underwear pulled from the back, driving it between the buttocks) - vulgar

expression / godan ~む verb:

• to manipulate figures to one's advantage; to count wrongly on purpose; to inflate or deflate one's age - idiom

ichidan verb:

• to give way to the light of the morning (i.e. the darkness gives way)

expression / ichidan verb:

• to pin one's hope on; to look forward to; to look toward; to get one's hopes up - often ...に期待を...

noun:

• meridian (e.g. in acupuncture); channel; one of the lines connecting vital points in the body
• thread of connection; chain of reasoning

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to jest; to joke; to play the fool; to act indecently; to be silly over; to talk foolishly

expression / godan ~く verb:

• to work hard; to toil; to moil; to keep one's nose to the grindstone; to slug away

expression:

• money talks; money is the key that opens all doors; money is the best lawyer in hell; even in hell, the extent of one's suffering is determined by money [literal] - proverb

adjective:

• dark; gloomy; murky
• depressed; dispirited; down in the dumps; dark (mood)
• dark (in colour); dull
• ill-boding; dark (e.g. past); suspicious
• unlikely (to succeed); hopeless; unpromising
• unfamiliar (with); ignorant (of) - as 〜に暗い Antonym: 明るい

upper nidan verb (archaic) / intransitive verb:

• to fall down; to drop; to fall (e.g. rain); to sink (e.g. sun or moon); to fall onto (e.g. light or one's gaze) - archaism ➜ 落ちる
• to be omitted; to be missing - archaism ➜ 落ちる
• to crash; to degenerate; to degrade; to fall behind - archaism ➜ 落ちる
• to be removed (e.g. illness, possessing spirit, name on a list) - archaism ➜ 落ちる
• to fall (into someone's hands); to become someone's possession - archaism ➜ 落ちる
• to fall; to be defeated; to surrender - archaism ➜ 落ちる

expression:

• better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion; better be first in a village than second at Rome; better to be the mouth of a chicken than the rear end of a cow [literal] - proverb

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to tidy up; to put in order; to straighten up; to put away
• to settle (problem); to clear (dispute)
• to finish; to bring something to an end
• to marry off (e.g. a daughter) - sometimes 嫁ける
• to do away with someone; to bump someone off

noun:

• custom of keeping a pumpkin or squash during the winter and eating it on the day of the winter solstice

noun:

• law (esp. ancient East Asian criminal code); regulation
• vinaya (rules for the monastic community) - Buddhism term
• Ritsu (school of Buddhism) - abbreviation ➜ 律宗
• lushi (style of Chinese poem) - abbreviation ➜ 律詩
• (musical) pitch - also りち
• six odd-numbered notes of the ancient chromatic scale ➜ 十二律・呂
• Japanese seven-tone gagaku scale, similar to Dorian mode (corresponding to: re, mi, fa, so, la, ti, do) - abbreviation ➜ 律旋

noun / suffix noun / counter:

• (in traditional Eastern music) step (corresponding to a Western semitone)

noun:

• flat ground
• seats immediately in front of the stage (e.g. in kabuki) ➜ 平土間【ひらどま】
• multi-brand display area (in a shop)