expression / ichidan verb:

• to reveal one's true colors

noun:

• authentic text (as opposed to a copy or duplicate) ➜ 正文【せいぶん】

expression / adjective:

• refusing to budge; adamant; intransigent; unyielding

noun / ~する noun:

• coming to a capital city (esp. Tokyo or Kyoto)

noun / ~する noun:

• going feral (of a species); reverting to wild; escape

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to pull one's hair back into a bun

noun:

• imperial edict to confer nobility titles (in ancient China)

expression / noun:

• urge to defecate when stepping into a bookstore

noun:

• restructuring termination (of employment); dismissal due to economic conditions - Law term

godan ~る verb:

• to get one's knickers in a twist - slang - sensitive - From Korean "hwabyeong" ➜ 火病【ひびょう】

expression:

• hard to replace (with other person)

noun:

• northern Japan (usu. referring to Tōhoku and Hokkaido)

noun:

• southern Japan (usu. referring to Kyushu and southwards)

expression:

• take this opportunity (to apologize, thank, explain, etc.)

noun:

• shooto; martial arts competition leading to knockouts or submission - Sports term - From English "shoot"

noun:

• nilas; sea ice crust up to 10 centimetres thick

noun / ~する noun:

• throwing a ball to home - Baseball term - From English "back home"

noun:

• polishing; polished item ➜ 磨り出す
• match (to light fire with) ➜ マッチ

expression / ~する verb (irregular):

• to beat someone by ganging up on them - colloquialism ➜ 袋叩き【ふくろだたき】

expression / noun:

• danger to oneself; (fear of) one's physical safety Antonym: 身の安全

noun:

• Leontopodium hayachinense (species of plant related to Edelweiss)

noun:

• merit system (as opposed to seniority); meritocracy; ability-ism

~くる verb (spec.) / intransitive verb:

• to come surging (waves, enemy troops etc.)

noun:

• hangman's noose; halter; rope to hang a criminal

noun:

• climate sensitivity (e.g. to changes in CO2 levels)