expression / ichidan verb:

• to stand side by side; to stand in a row ➜ 軒を並べる

noun:

• sky; the air; the heavens
• weather
• far-off place; distant place
• state of mind; feeling - often as 〜空もない
• (from) memory; (by) heart - usu. as 空で
• falsehood; lie

prefix noun:

• somehow; vaguely - before an adjective
• fake - before a noun or a verb

noun / ~する noun:

• going up in flames; destruction by fire (esp. of a large building)
• receiving a flood of critical comments on an online article, blog post, etc.

noun:

• inner thigh

noun / ~する noun:

• (walking) pigeon-toed; one's toes turned inward ［うちまた］
• uchimata (judo); throwing an opponent by putting one's leg between their legs ［うちまた］

noun:

• notice or order handed down from above; announcement; notification ➜ 達し
• Edo-period proclamation issued by the shogunate (or a daimyo, etc.) to the concerned parties ➜ 御触書

noun:

• women working in military brothels (esp. those forced into prostitution as a form of sexual slavery by the Japanese military during WWII); (campaign) comfort women [literal] - euphemism

noun:

• holding out one or both hands and arching one's body backward like a shrimp (in kabuki, represents being overwhelmed by someone's power)

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to raise; to elevate ➜ 手を挙げる
• to do up (one's hair) ➜ 髪を上げる
• to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to surface (a submarine, etc.)
• to land (a boat)
• to deep-fry ［揚げる］
• to show someone (into a room)
• to summon (for geishas, etc.) ［揚げる］ - usually written using kana alone
• to send someone (away)
• to enrol (one's child in school); to enroll
• to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to develop (talent, skill); to improve
• to make (a loud sound); to raise (one's voice) ➜ 声を上げる
• to earn (something desirable)
• to praise
• to give (an example, etc.); to cite - usu. 挙げる
• to summon up (all of one's energy, etc.) - usu. 挙げる
• to arrest ［挙げる］
• to nominate ［挙げる］
• to give ［上げる］ - polite language
• to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.) ［上げる］
• to bear (a child)
• to conduct (a ceremony, esp. a wedding) - usu. 挙げる

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• (of the tide) to come in

ichidan verb / intransitive verb / transitive:

• to vomit

auxiliary verb / ichidan verb:

• to do for (the sake of someone else) - after the -te form of a verb - usually written using kana alone - polite language
• to complete ... - after the -masu stem of a verb ➜ 作り上げる
• to humbly do ... - after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility - humble language ➜ 申し上げる

godan ~う verb / intransitive verb:

• to meet fortuitously (e.g. running into an old friend); to meet by chance; to happen across

expression:

• evading blame for a transgression by pinning it on a subordinate and abandoning them; a skink lizard's shedding of its tail [literal] - idiom

noun:

• leading a group of people; someone who leads others into a song by singing the leading notes ➜ 音頭を取る【おんどをとる】
• workmen's songs; marching songs

noun:

• the right to sunshine; in zoning, the right to have sunlight falling on one's building not be obstructed by new buildings

~たる adjective / ~と adverb:

• not letting oneself puffed up by one's success; maintaining a serene state of mind when one has achieved a great success - archaism - four character idiom

noun:

• Nanking Incident (targeting of Nanking's foreign properties and residents by Kuomintang troops in March, 1927)
• Rape of Nanking (1937); Nanking Massacre ➜ 南京大虐殺

noun:

• Okuni kabuki; progenitor of modern kabuki, developed by Izumo Taisha shrine maiden Izumo no Okuni and popularized in Kyoto (early Edo period)

noun:

• pressing the top of a pickle vat by hanging a weight on a staff, used as a lever (in Kyoto suguki pickle making) - obscure term

noun / ~する noun:

• going to serve one's lord

noun:

• daimyo's alternating Edo residence; official attendance service (by a daimyo in the Edo era) - abbreviation ➜ 参勤交代

noun:

• blue line
• area around a red-light district where illegal prostitution occurred (marked on police maps by a blue line) (1940s-1956) ➜ 青線地帯

noun:

• 51% attack (e.g. on a cryptocurrency); disruptive attack on a blockchain by majority holders of computing power

expression / godan ~く verb:

• to surpass the rest (e.g. of a large group); to stand out from the crowd; to be the best by far ➜ 抜群

expression:

• till; to; over (a period); through (e.g. Monday through Thursday); about (approx. time or place); on
• concerning (an area of expertise)
• swearing by (one's sword, God, etc.)

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to catch (a person's words); to make out; to follow; to understand
• to find out by asking

noun:

• foreign-owned enterprise; company with capital participation by a foreign company; foreign-affiliated firm; alien corporation; foreign company

expression / adverb:

• by the end of this year; before the year comes to a close; during this year

adverb / ~と adverb:

• slowly (but steadily); gradually; bit-by-bit - onomatopoeia
• slowly soaking in; slowly permeating; oozing out; seeping out - onomatopoeia