noun:

• Tempyo period (esp. used as a period of art history, 710-794 CE)

noun:

• Chinese lespedeza (species of bush clover, Lespedeza cuneata) - archaism ➜ 蓍萩
• fortune-telling (using divination sticks)

noun:

• dwelling place of a god (usu. in reference to a large rock) - archaism

noun:

• black-rumped waxbill (Estrilda troglodytes)
• estrildid (any bird of family Estrildidae); waxbill

noun:

• basket star (any brittlestar of family Euryalina); basket fish ➜ 蜘蛛海星

noun:

• Yoshida Shinto; fusion of Shinto, Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism stressing traditional Japanese elements

noun / ~する noun:

• going crazy; losing one's temper; snapping - slang - onomatopoeia

~と adverb / adverb:

• sound of a stretched string snapping - onomatopoeia ➜ ぷつん

noun:

• quasi-negation (e.g. use of words like 'hardly', 'seldom', 'barely'); weak negation - obscure term - Linguistics term

noun:

• primula (any flower of genus Primula, which includes primroses, cowslips and cyclamens) ➜ プリムラ

noun:

• use of a verb or adjective conjugation (esp. ren'yōkei) as a noun ➜ 連用形

expression:

• nothing comes of nothing; don't expect things to happen on their own - proverb

noun:

• small mochi placed on top of a big mochi
• two things heaped together

noun:

• ivy (esp. Boston ivy, Parthenocissus tricuspidata) - archaism ➜ 蔦
• jiaogulan (species of herbaceous vine; Gynostemma pentaphyllum) ➜ 甘茶蔓

noun:

• laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (type of laser eye surgery); LASIK

noun:

• sun spider (any arachnid of order Solifugae); wind scorpion; camel spider; solpugid

noun:

• Eleocharis kuroguwai (species of spikerush)
• Chinese water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis var. tuberosa) ➜ 大黒慈姑

noun:

• ijtihad (use of discretionary judgement in deducing a law not specified in scripture) - From Arabic

noun:

• dragonet (any fish of family Callionymidae, esp. Richard's dragonet, Repomucenus richardsonii)

adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• one season
• one year (esp. as an Edo-period duration of employment) ➜ 半季

noun:

• electric catfish (any species of family Malapteruridae, esp. species Malapterurus electricus) - obscure term ➜ 電気鯰

expression:

• knowing what is right and not doing it is a want of courage - proverb

noun:

• whitetip reef shark (Triaenodon obesus, species of Indo-Pacific requiem shark) ➜ ホワイトチップリーフシャーク

noun:

• Pacific longnose chimaera (Harriotta raleighana, species of deep water cartilaginous fish); narrownose chimaera

noun:

• Pacific spookfish (Rhinochimaera pacifica, species of deep water cartilaginous fish); deep-sea chimaera

noun:

• eyestripe surgeonfish (Acanthurus dussumieri, species of Indo-Pacific tang); palani; Dussumier's surgeonfish