noun:

• open to all; taking part on the spur of the moment

noun:

• perestroika; reform movement within the Soviet Communist Party in the 1980s - From Russian "perestroyka"

noun:

• province of the lowest rank (ritsuryo system)

noun / ~する noun:

• leaving for the provinces - archaism

noun:

• prostitution of learning; twisting the truth and truckling to the times - four character idiom

noun:

• revere the Emperor; expel the western barbarians (19th century slogan) - four character idiom

noun:

• (late Edo-period) idea of uniting the court and the shogunate

adjectival noun / noun:

• being older or a senior; the first half of the year

noun / ~する noun:

• alliance (esp. originally of the Six Kingdoms against the Qin dynasty) ➜ 秦・連衡・六国

noun:

• something worshiped as a symbol for the spirit of the dead

noun:

• covering for the back of the hand and wrist

noun:

• Filipino (standardized Tagalog, the national language of the Philippines)

noun:

• 4 bales on the edge of the ring set slightly back - Sumo term

noun:

• 4 corner bales on the outer rim of the sumo ring - Sumo term

noun:

• four posts that used to support the roof over the ring - Sumo term

noun:

• wrestling performed in the presence of the empress or crown prince - Sumo term

noun:

• ceremony to purify the ring before the start of a tournament - Sumo term

noun:

• Avici hell (the eighth and most painful of the eight hells) - Buddhism term

noun:

• Hunmin-jongum; the Hankul (Hangul) alphabet (of Korea); the Onmun (Enmun) - four character idiom

noun:

• the friendly atmosphere of the traditional commercial and working-class neighborhoods - four character idiom

expression:

• Life and death are the two faces of the same coin - four character idiom

noun:

• the typhoon Ginza; the area (of Japan) where typhoons frequently pass - four character idiom

expression:

• on the least pretext; at the drop of a hat

expression:

• the end justifies the means; circumstances may justify a lie - proverb

noun:

• checkmark; mark in the shape of the katakana "re"

noun:

• groove in the body of wooden plane which holds the blade