noun:

• Xirong; Rong; inhabitants of the extremities of China as early as the Shang dynasty (1765-1122 BCE); barbarians to the west [literal]

noun:

• ridge-tailed monitor (Varanus acanthurus, species of monitor lizard found throughout the arid northern regions of Australia); spiny-tailed monitor ➜ リッジテールモニター

noun:

• mock Buddhist sutra; type of fast-paced humorous singing mimicking the chanting of a Buddhist sutra, usually with lyrics satirizing current events; ahodarakyō - pun on あほだら and 陀羅尼経 ➜ あほだら

noun:

• reserves (esp. troops); reserve army
• potential members of some group (e.g. the elderly); people at risk (e.g. of a medical condition); wannabees

expression / noun:

• collecting herbs and pulling out young pine trees by the roots (annual event held on the first Day of the Rat of the New Year)

noun:

• three ministries (under the ritsuryo system: Ministries of Civil Services, Health & War) ➜ 律令制
• three departments (in Tang-dynasty China: Secretariat, Chancellory & Dept. of State Affairs)

noun / ~する noun:

• combining the working parts of two or more broken machines to make one functioning machine
• manufacturing one part out of multiple different parts

noun:

• arm glove; arm warmer; sleevelet
• bracelet
• leather thread on guard or pommel of a sword
• hole in the butt end of a Chinese spear

noun:

• one copy (of a document); one letter
• one-way traffic - abbreviation ➜ 一方通行
• pure straight; winning hand containing nine consecutive tiles of the same suit (i.e. 1-9) - sometimes written イッツー - abbreviation - Mahjong term ➜ 一気通貫【いっきつうかん】

noun:

• the number of people
• many people; a large number of people

noun / ~する noun:

• being in charge of; taking charge of

noun:

• class teacher; homeroom teacher; form teacher ➜ 担任教師

noun:

• the point just before; the point of doing; the verge of happening

expression / ~する verb (irregular):

• to make fun of; to look down on; to make light of

noun:

• figure eight; figure of eight
• shape of "hachi", the kanji for eight ［八の字］

noun:

• lingering patches of snow; patches of unmelted snow; snow spots

noun:

• noble's consort; consort of a prince; consort of a duke; duchess; princess

noun / ~する noun:

• trifling with; toying with; playing with; making sport of; making fun of; leading around by the nose
• tossing about (a ship)

particle:

• by (indicating means of action); as (a group, etc.) ➜ からして・として・にして・為る
• indicates patient of a causative expression - as 〜をして in modern Japanese
• acts as a connective - after the ren'youkei form of an adjective
• adds emphasis - after an adverb or a particle

conjunction:

• and then ➜ そして

noun:

• warm sake (formerly drunk on the 9th day of the 9th month of the lunar calendar to ward off illness)

noun:

• water from the capital (Kyoto), rumored to have a whitening effect - archaism
• type of washing lotion from the end of the Edo period - archaism ➜ 化粧水

noun:

• muscle; tendon; sinew
• vein; artery
• fiber; fibre; string
• line; stripe; streak
• reason; logic ➜ 筋が通る
• plot; storyline
• lineage; descent
• school (e.g. of scholarship or arts)
• aptitude; talent
• source (of information, etc.); circle; channel
• well-informed person (in a transaction)
• logical move (in go, shogi, etc.)
• ninth vertical line - Shōgi term
• seam on a helmet
• gristly fish paste (made of muscle, tendons, skin, etc.) - abbreviation ➜ 筋蒲鉾
• social position; status - archaism

suffix noun / noun / ~の noun:

• on (a river, road, etc.); along

suffix / counter:

• counter for long thin things; counter for roads or blocks when giving directions
• (Edo period) counter for hundreds of mon (obsolete unit of currency) - archaism

noun:

• omen; sign of luck
• origin; history; causation
• dependent arising; doctrine that everything has a cause and there is nothing that arises out of nothing - orig. meaning - abbreviation - Buddhism term ➜ 因縁生起

noun:

• central figure; pillar (e.g. of the nation); mainstay; chief support; leader
• chief; boss; leader; head
• master carpenter
• beams and ridge supports of a roof - orig. meaning

noun:

• inner sanctuary; inner shrine; sanctum sanctorum; holy of holies; place behind main hall of a temple enshrining temple founder, miraculous Buddhas, hidden statues, etc. - Buddhism term

noun:

• rear gate (esp. of castle); back entrance ➜ 大手【おおて】
• one who arrests
• force attacking the rear of a castle ➜ 大手【おおて】
• (opponent's) weak point