noun:

• fire spirit; salamander (mythical fire lizard)

noun:

• the eight kinds of suffering (birth, old age, disease, death, parting from loved ones, meeting disliked ones, not getting what one seeks, pains of the five skandha) - Buddhism term

noun:

• eagerness; enthusiasm; fervor; excitement; fighting spirit; fighting mood

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to exorcise a fox spirit (from a person)

godan ~う verb:

• to lie on one's stomach; to sleep while lying on one's stomach; to crawl on the ground; to sprawl

noun:

• countryside people (in town); visitor from the country; out-of-towner; country bumpkin (visiting the big city); yokel

noun:

• temporary shrine (houses the object in which the deity resides when main shrine is under repairs) - Shintō term

noun:

• demon of the sixth heaven in the realm of desire who tries to prevent people from doing good - Buddhism term ➜ 四魔

noun / ~する noun:

• worldly wise; sophisticated; street smart; knowledge of the world (acquired in the school of hard knocks); toughness

noun:

• inner pleat; the raising of fabric up in the middle to marry bottom edges of yukata and kimono

noun:

• kabuki dance in which the dancer quickly changes his clothes seven times ➜ 七変化【しちへんげ】
• the seven common disguises of ninja

expression:

• inability to discern the truth due to conflicting testimony (name derived the Akutagawa Ryūnosuke story "In A Grove")

noun:

• Shogitai (group of former Tokugawa retainers opposed to the Meiji government who fought in the battle of Ueno) ➜ 上野戦争

noun:

• (in China) 12th note of the ancient chromatic scale (approx. C sharp) ➜ 十二律・上無
• tenth month of the lunar calendar

noun:

• (in China) 11th note of the ancient chromatic scale (approx. C) ➜ 十二律
• ninth month of the lunar calendar

noun:

• Nasolamia (genus of requiem shark in the family Carcharhinidae whose only member is the whitenose shark)

noun:

• Prionace (genus of requiem shark in the family Carcharhinidae whose sole member is the blue shark)

noun:

• Scoliodon (genus of requiem shark in the family Carcharhinidae whose sole member is the spadenose shark)

noun:

• Eusphyra; genus of hammerhead shark in the family Sphyrnidae whose sole member is the winghead shark

noun:

• milk shark (Rhizoprionodon acutus, species of requiem shark found in the eastern Atlantic and the Indo-Pacific) ➜ ミルクシャーク

expression / godan ~む verb:

• to experience chest pain; to have a pain in one's chest
• to feel sick at heart; to have one's heart ache; to be anguished

noun:

• family trouble (quarrel); domestic squabble; internal squabble (over headship rights) in a daimyo family in the Edo period

expression:

• one cannot shake the will of even the lowliest man; a person's will should be respected; even a menial deserves his convictions - proverb

noun:

• southern barbarians (formerly used by the Chinese to refer to non-ethnic Chinese to the south) - archaism - derogatory term
• South-East Asia - archaism
• Western Europe (esp. Spain and Portugal, their South-East Asian colonies, and their goods and people arriving in Japan via the colonies) - archaism ➜ 紅毛

prefix:

• exotic (esp. Western European or South-East Asian style)

noun:

• (in dance, puppetry, etc.) thrusting the right foot and right arm forward at the same time (or left foot and left arm) - usu.ナンバ
• food prepared using chili peppers or Welsh onions - abbreviation ➜ 南蛮煮【なんばんに】

noun:

• the four great civilizations of the world (China, Babylon, India and Egypt as put forward by Chinese scholar Liang Qichao in 1900)