expression / godan ~る verb:

• to be blown inside out (of an umbrella); to become (the shape of) a sake cup [literal] - idiom

noun:

• being preoccupied with immediate (superficial) differences without realizing that there are no differences in substance; six of one and half a dozen of another - four character idiom

noun:

• five implements placed in front of a Buddhist altar: two candlesticks, two vases (usu. containing flowers made of gilded copper) and one incense burner

noun:

• staying awake on the eve of the 57th day of the sexagenary cycle (to prevent the three worms from reporting one's wrongdoings and shortening one's lifespan), while worshipping Sakra, the Blue-Faced Vajra, or Sarutahiko ➜ 三尸

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to be packed (with); to be full (space, schedule, etc.)
• to be blocked (road, pipe, etc.); to be clogged; to be plugged up ➜ 鼻が詰まる
• to shorten (width, interval, etc.); to shrink (shirt, word form, etc.); to narrow
• to be at a loss; to be hard pressed - often in the form …につまる ➜ 言葉に詰まる・気の詰まる【きのつまる】
• to end up; to be settled ➜ 詰まる所【つまるところ】
• to become a geminate consonant ➜ 促音【そくおん】
• to hit the ball near the handle of the bat - Baseball term

noun:

• Yezo (northern part of Meiji-era Japan, esp. Hokkaido, but also Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands)
• Edo-period realm of the Ainu (as opposed to the Japanese) comprising most of Hokkaido ➜ 和人地

noun:

• truths of the cessation of suffering and of the way to the cessation of suffering - Buddhism term ➜ 道諦・滅諦

auxiliary:

• if; in case; if it is the case that; if it is true that - hypothetical form of the copula だ, from なり and sometimes classed as a particle
• as for; on the topic of ［なら］

conjunction:

• if that's the case; if so; that being the case - colloquialism - abbreviation ➜ それなら
• if possible; if circumstances allow ［ならば］

noun / counter:

• swing; shake; wave; swinging

noun:

• appearance; behaviour - usually written using kana alone
• pretence (pretense); show; pretending (to) - oft. after a noun+の or verb in the dictionary form - usually written using kana alone ➜ 振りをする

noun / ~の noun:

• going to restaurant, hotel etc. without a reservation or introduction - usually written using kana alone

noun:

• move (dance); postures
• lead in (e.g. to a running joke, asking a question); lead up - oft. as フリ - usually written using kana alone ➜ 前振り
• unsewn part of a hanging sleeve on a traditional Japanese woman's garment

suffix / counter:

• counter for swords, blades, etc.

noun:

• not wearing underwear or pants - archaism

noun:

• getting ready to go out in the snow; clothing for going out in the snow; snow gear - obscure term

counter:

• counter for numbering the rounds in a tournament

suffix noun:

• fight with ... rounds (e.g. boxing)

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to take the responsibility (for an action); to carry out in a responsible manner

adverb:

• a very short while ago; very early (e.g. in the morning)

noun:

• marriage in which a man is adopted into the bride's family; matrilocal marriage ➜ 婿入り婚

noun:

• the four most important tournaments in a particular sport; grand slam tournaments; majors

noun:

• pulling something out (in a stroke); plucking out
• forcibly removing one after another (e.g. demonstrators)
• overtaking multiple people (in a spurt); pulling ahead

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to scatter; to cause a shower of
• to disperse; to distribute; to spread
• to resolve (a symptom, condition, etc.); to relieve; to get rid of; to cure
• to distract; to divert - as 気を散らす, etc. ➜ 気を散らす

suffix / godan ~す verb:

• to do ... wildly (i.e. disorderly or frequently); to do ... all over the place - after the -masu stem of a verb

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to line up; to put in a row
• to add (to a group); to accept (as a member of an organization, etc.); to join (e.g. a list) ➜ 名を連ねる【なをつらねる】・袂を連ねる【たもとをつらねる】
• to link; to put together; to string together (e.g. compliments); to enumerate ➜ 美辞麗句を連ねる【びじれいくをつらねる】・書き連ねる【かきつらねる】
• to take along with; to bring with

noun / ~する noun / ~の noun:

• outbreak; spring forth; occurrence; incidence
• generation (e.g. of power or heat); genesis; origin
• ontogeny; development of complex multicellular structures from cell(s) in a simple state ➜ 個体発生

noun:

• every part of the world; all over the world; the four corners of the world

noun:

• dash at the beginning of a short-distance race - From English "start dash"
• charging ahead at full strength from the beginning

adjective:

• dark; gloomy; murky
• depressed; dispirited; down in the dumps; dark (mood)
• dark (in colour); dull
• ill-boding; dark (e.g. past); suspicious
• unlikely (to succeed); hopeless; unpromising
• unfamiliar (with); ignorant (of) - as 〜に暗い Antonym: 明るい

noun:

• nuclear power village; tight-knit community of legislators, regulators and manufacturers involved in the promotion of nuclear power - derogatory term

adjectival noun / noun:

• standing on formality; in a reserved manner; treating a friend as a stranger; unduly distant; formal - four character idiom

noun:

• nape of the neck; back of the neck; scruff of the neck