noun:

• the four great civilizations of the world (China, Babylon, India and Egypt as put forward by Chinese scholar Liang Qichao in 1900)

noun:

• three-part joke, where the first two parts are similar and mundane, while the third is the punchline (e.g. How do you get to my place? Go down to the corner, turn left, and get lost.); rule of three (in comedy writing) ➜ 落ち【おち】

adjectival noun / noun:

• having one's own way; giving free rein to one's desires; acting as one pleases

expression:

• even though one has fallen on hard times; however down on one's luck one may be

expression:

• to sacrifice something small in order to save something great; to lose a leg to save one's life; to kill a small bug and save a large one [literal] - proverb

expression / noun:

• one's last hope; one's only hope; the last hope

noun:

• judicial decision made with human kindness and warmth in a fair manner (from the decisions of Ōoka Tadasuke, a jurist in 17th century Japan)

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to accidentally be visible (in a play, TV show, etc.)
• to be partly cut off (in a photo, video, etc.); to be partly in the frame

noun:

• symbol used as a placeholder (either because a number of other words could be used in that position, or because of censorship)

prefix noun:

• certain; unnamed; undisclosed; unidentified

noun:

• passion for gambling; fondness for speculation; speculative spirit

noun:

• soul; spirit; departed soul; ghost

noun:

• spirit power; magical power - obscure term

noun:

• evil dog spirit; dog god

expression / noun:

• water spirit; water nymph; naiad

noun / ~する noun:

• standing on tiptoe and stretching one's back to make oneself taller; stretching oneself
• overreaching oneself; overstretching oneself; trying to do something beyond one's ability; pushing to the limit

noun:

• phosphorescent lights seen at sea at night; lights that can be seen on the altar of gods, intended as an offering

noun:

• there (place relatively near listener) ➜ 何処・此処・彼処
• there (place just mentioned); that place
• then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised)
• you - archaism

expression / godan ~む verb:

• to say in a round-about way (not to upset); to cushion the blow; to wrap in wafer paper [literal] - idiom

noun:

• (in Japan) 6th note of the ancient chromatic scale (approx. G) ➜ 十二律・仲呂
• (in gagaku) scale similar to Mixolydian mode on G ➜ 呂旋・六調子

noun:

• mixture of lime and fermented indigo leaves after the indigo dye has precipitated from the leaves (byproduct in the process of creating indigo dye)

noun:

• one mind; the whole heart; wholeheartedness

noun:

• investigator; one who seeks the way

noun:

• the prime of one's career

noun:

• the orders of one's ruler

noun:

• the bottom of one's heart