noun:

• special Diet session; special session of the Diet; Diet session required to be convoked within thirty days of a general election

noun:

• special Diet session; special session of the Diet; Diet session required to be convoked within thirty days of a general election ➜ 特別国会

noun:

• Galapagos phenomenon; Galapagos syndrome; tendency of Japanese products (e.g. cell phones) to be designed specifically for the domestic market, which are therefore unsuccessful overseas and also vulnerable to competition from imports - because the Galapagos contains many endemic species ➜ ガラパゴス化

godan ~つ verb / transitive:

• to drill; to bore; to pierce; to pass through

godan ~つ verb / transitive / intransitive verb:

• to hit the mark; to get to the heart of (the matter); to be true to (nature)

godan ~つ verb / transitive:

• to put on; to wear - archaism

expression / godan ~く verb:

• to get damaged; to get chipped; to get scratched
• to be wounded; to get injured
• to get hurt (reputation)

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to find out; to discover; to notice; to detect
• to select; to pick out
• to look out (from the inside)
• to be wide-eyed (in surprise, anger, etc.)

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to have one's turn; to be on duty; to have one's inning

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to make a lovely picture; to be perfect for a picture - idiom

expression / noun or verb acting prenominally:

• picture-perfect; picturesque - idiom

godan ~つ verb / intransitive verb:

• to stand in a line; to stand in a row
• to be equal

expression / ichidan verb:

• to feel relieved; to feel happy after having been relieved of a responsibility; to be relieved from a duty

expression:

• experience is the best teacher; custom makes all things easy; you learn best by doing; practice makes perfect; it is better to grow accustomed than to be taught [literal]

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to be evasive; to give an evasive answer
• to speak ambiguously; to prevaricate
• to cook up a specious story to get out of an uncomfortable situation
• to make do with

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to leave; to go away
• to pass; to elapse
• to be distant

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to send away; to drive off; to divorce

auxiliary verb / godan ~る verb:

• to (do) completely - after a -masu stem, esp. of a suru verb

pre-noun adjectival:

• last ... (e.g. "last April") ［去る］ Antonym: 来る【きたる】

adjectival noun:

• seeming to be for a certain reason; seeming to indicate there are special circumstances; seeming to indicate there is more than meets the eye

expression / ichidan verb:

• to occupy the throne; to sit on the royal throne ➜ 座を占める
• to be at the top; to hold the premier position; to win a championship ➜ 座を占める

expression / ichidan verb:

• to carry a bomb [literal]; to have a bomb about to go off
• to have an imminent problem; to be in danger of relapse

noun:

• sake bottle; tall and slender bottle with a narrow mouth made from ceramic, metal or glass that can be used for sake, shoyu or rice vinegar
• turtleneck (sweater)
• someone who cannot swim

adverb:

• or; otherwise
• furthermore; also
• perhaps; by some chance; possibly - archaism
• that being said; be that as it may - archaism
• however; but - archaism
• not to mention; needless to say - archaism
• as expected; sure enough - archaism
• really; at all - used to express emphatic denial, suspicion, or emotion - archaism

godan ~う verb / transitive:

• to take lessons in; to be taught; to learn (from a teacher); to study (under a teacher); to get training in

~の noun:

• collared; having a collar

noun:

• lifestyle; circumstances; what can be observed about one's wealth by looking at one's collar - archaism
• one's collar when wearing multiple kimonos - obscure term ➜ 襟元

expression:

• anything is better than nothing; kail spares bread; a bellyful is a bellyful, whether it be meat or drink; tea in the belly (will fill it) for a time [literal] - proverb

godan ~む verb / intransitive verb:

• to be a live-in employee; to live in; to live with

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to blame; to reproach; to censure; to rebuke; to reprove; to find fault; to take to task; to criticize; to criticise
• to question (a suspect); to challenge

ichidan verb:

• to aggravate (an injury); to be aggravated; to get inflamed

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to prick (one's conscience) ➜ 気が咎める

godan ~つ verb / transitive:

• to keep; to preserve; to hold; to retain; to maintain; to sustain

godan ~つ verb / intransitive verb:

• to last; to endure; to keep well (food); to wear well; to be durable

ichidan verb / intransitive verb:

• to laugh (suddenly); to begin to laugh; to be made to laugh - Kansai dialect