noun:

• place containing a Buddhist image
• place containing a buddha (e.g. the pure land) ➜ 極楽・浄土
• independent workshop of Buddhist sculptors (from the Heian period onward) ➜ 造仏所

noun / adverbial noun / temporal noun:

• end leaves; top leaves; last leaves ［うらば・うれは・すえば］

noun:

• the last descendant; the last days of any age; end; close ［すえば・ばつよう・まつよう］

expression / godan ~る verb (irregular):

• to have both the looks and the substance; to be a compassionate and just person; to be interesting and instructive - idiom

noun:

• life; life force - sometimes written as 生命 ➜ 生命
• lifetime; lifespan
• most important thing; foundation; core
• paired tattoos of the "life" kanji on the upper arms of a man and woman (indicating unwavering love) - archaism
• fate; destiny; karma - archaism

suffix noun:

• a little over; a little more than
• powerhouse; one of the biggest; one of the most powerful

expression / noun or verb acting prenominally:

• at the height of one's power or influence; at the peak of one's popularity

adverb:

• unsparingly; without listening to the other party; without giving the other party a chance to explain ➜ 頭ごなし

noun:

• sound of the sea; sound of the waves
• sound of massed chanting of sutras, etc. - Buddhism term

noun:

• book of poetry
• The Classic of Poetry and The Classic of History (Chinese texts)

godan ~る verb:

• to be on the verge; to be on the brink; to get close ➜ なりかける

noun:

• frog (esp. the wrinkled frog or Asian grass frog); toad (esp. the Japanese toad) - colloquialism

noun:

• group of languages (i.e. the Romance languages, considered as a subset of the Italic languages)
• group of words

noun:

• son (of others); boy; young master - honorific language
• green young man from a well-to-do family; young man innocent of the ways of the world

noun:

• expectation that something took place, will take place or was in some state; it should be so; bound to be; expected to be; must be
• nock (of a bow)
• nock (of an arrow)
• nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger) - Sumo term ➜ はず押し【はずおし】
• wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out

noun:

• part of the fabric that is tucked closest to the skin when wearing a garment that is wrapped in front of one (such as a kimono) ➜ 上前

noun:

• speartooth shark (Glyphis glyphis, species of fresh water requiem shark from the western Pacific known only from the original description of 1839)

noun:

• full moon; 15th day of the lunar calendar
• full moon of the eighth lunar month ［もちづき］

noun / adjectival noun:

• the point of an argument being clearly stated; the tenor of an argument being well-reasoned - four character idiom

adverb / noun:

• unsparingly; without listening to the other party; without giving the other party a chance to explain

noun:

• Institute for the Study of Western Books (Edo period); Institute for the Investigation of Foreign Books

noun:

• candlelight service (e.g. in a church)
• ceremony during a wedding reception where the bride and the groom go from table to table lighting a candle at each

expression:

• complete reversal of values or ways of thinking (over time); What appeared wrong in the past now appears right; realizing and regretting the past errors of one's ways - four character idiom

noun:

• upper reaches (of a river); upper stream Antonym: 下【しも】
• top; upper part; upper half (of the body)
• long ago
• beginning; first
• person of high rank (e.g. the emperor) - honorific language ➜ 御上
• government; imperial court
• imperial capital (i.e. Kyoto); capital region (i.e. Kansai); region (or direction of) the imperial palace ➜ 上方【かみがた】
• head (of a table)
• wife; mistress (of a restaurant) - honorific language

adverb:

• one after another; one after the other; in rotation

noun / ~する noun:

• exchanging one after the other; changing repeatedly

noun:

• large cut (e.g. of meat) ［大切り・大切］
• last piece of the day's programme; last act of a play; comic dialogue as the last item in vaudeville, music hall, etc.