noun:

• pay by the hour (parking)

noun:

• tree swayed by the wind - obscure term

noun:

• suffering caused by the cold

expression / godan ~す verb:

• to pass the baton (e.g. in a relay race)
• to pass the baton; to hand on the torch - idiom

noun:

• black ships (i.e. Western ships, often painted with tar, that came to Japan in the 16th century)
• product, person, etc. arriving from the West and disturbing the Japanese market, etc.

noun:

• moon (esp. full moon)
• circle fashioned after the moon
• decorative ring on the chest of a monk's stole ➜ 袈裟
• straw trivet
• white crescent-shaped chest patch of an Asiatic black bear ➜ 月の輪熊

noun / ~する noun:

• stripping a samurai of clothes and swords and exiling him naked (Edo period punishment)

noun:

• making the numbers balance; fixing the numbers; number-juggling; making up the numbers (e.g. to form a majority); taking tally; number-crunching

noun:

• red light (traffic)

noun:

• layman (esp. as opposed to a Buddhist monk); laity; man of the world; the world
• local manners; modern customs

adjectival noun / ~の noun:

• common; popular
• vulgar; low Antonym: 雅【が】

noun:

• postcards with the bottom third of the front side reserved for an advertisement, and sold at a lower cost than regular postcards

noun:

• workshop ［さいくじょ］ ➜ 工房
• Heian and Kamakura-period furniture workshop (established in temples and various government bodies)
• Edo period office which administered tenders for arms, armor, etc.

noun / ~の noun:

• pink
• erotic (usually used in relation to the sex industry); blue; pornographic

noun:

• musical instrument; music
• accompaniment instruments used in kabuki (excluding the shamisen)

suffix / expression:

• adds vagueness and indirectness to the word or phrase it is used with ➜ それと無く・何となく・幾度となく

expression:

• suffix used to negate a verb in the past tense - polite language - archaism ➜ ませんでした

expression:

• suffix used to negate a verb in the non-past tense - Kansai dialect ➜ ない

interjection:

• humph; hmph

noun:

• pavilion used as the emperor's habitual residence (in Heian Palace) ➜ 十七殿

noun:

• Edo-era street merchant who carried wares hanging from a pole, hawking them in the street - obscure term

expression / ichidan verb:

• to come to the point; to touch on the point; to address the main points

noun:

• a matter for the police; with the police involved; a brush with the law - four character idiom

noun:

• Nationalist Government (of China; i.e. under the Kuomintang) ［こくふ］ - abbreviation ➜ 国民政府
• provincial office (under the ritsuryo system); provincial capital ➜ 律令制

noun:

• Vermilion Bird (god said to rule over the southern heavens) ➜ 四神
• seven mansions (Chinese constellations) of the southern heavens - Astronomy term ➜ 二十八宿

noun:

• hanging curtain used in place of a wall (Heian period) - archaism ➜ とばり

noun:

• Japanized version of classical Chinese (used from Heian period onward)