noun:

• Shogitai (group of former Tokugawa retainers opposed to the Meiji government who fought in the battle of Ueno) ➜ 上野戦争

noun:

• (in China) 12th note of the ancient chromatic scale (approx. C sharp) ➜ 十二律・上無
• tenth month of the lunar calendar

noun:

• (in China) 11th note of the ancient chromatic scale (approx. C) ➜ 十二律
• ninth month of the lunar calendar

noun:

• widow (one or more lines separated from the rest of the preceding passage by page or column break) - obscure term - IT term ➜ 分断前部

noun:

• orphan (one or more lines separated from the rest of the following passage by page or paragraph break) - obscure term - IT term ➜ 分断後部

expression:

• the doting parent's purse is plundered; the thief caught turns out to be one's own son [literal] - proverb

noun:

• orangespot surgeonfish (Acanthurus olivaceus, species of tang found from the eastern Indian Ocean to the Pacific); orangeband surgeonfish

noun:

• court of law in the Edo period, in which the parties sat on white sand - archaism

noun:

• arrow with feathers that curve to the left (the first of two arrows to be fired) ➜ 乙矢

noun:

• sword-shaped stoneware found in archeological sites in eastern Japan dating to the end of the Jomon period

noun:

• milk shark (Rhizoprionodon acutus, species of requiem shark found in the eastern Atlantic and the Indo-Pacific) ➜ ミルクシャーク

noun:

• banishment (to a somewhat distant province); middle-degree punishment of the three banishment punishments under the ritsuryo system

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to be the first to speak; to break the silence - idiom
• to open something for the first time; to broach (e.g. a cask); to break a seal; to break open

expression:

• better the devil you know than the devil you don't know; better the ogre you know than the Buddha you don't [literal] - proverb

expression:

• better the devil you know than the devil you don't know; better the ogre you know than the god you don't [literal] - proverb ➜ 知らぬ仏より馴染みの鬼

noun:

• passing a bone fragment from one pair of chopsticks to another while placing the remains of the deceased in a funerary urn; two people picking up the same bone fragment with chopsticks at the same time
• passing food from one pair of chopsticks to another (a breach of etiquette); two people picking up the same piece of food with chopsticks at the same time ➜ 拾い箸

noun:

• bath; bathtub ➜ お風呂
• bathroom; bathhouse
• room for drying lacquerware
• base (wooden joint connecting the blade of a hoe, spade, etc., to the handle)

expression:

• even the patience of a saint eventually runs out; (if you touch) the Buddha's face three times (he will get annoyed) [literal] - proverb

noun:

• Aum Shinrikyo; Japanese religious group responsible for the 1995 sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway

noun:

• the four great civilizations of the world (China, Babylon, India and Egypt as put forward by Chinese scholar Liang Qichao in 1900)

noun:

• meat of a fish (e.g. tuna) that is dark red with blood, usu. coming from the parts close to the spine ➜ 血合い

noun:

• the four great civilizations of the world (China, Babylon, India and Egypt as put forward by Chinese scholar Liang Qichao in 1900)

noun:

• Chinese-style low dining table ➜ 卓袱台
• Japanese-Chinese cuisine, served family-style (large dishes, diners help themselves), specialty of Nagasaki Chinese style low dining table - abbreviation ➜ 卓袱料理
• soba in soup with slices of boiled fish paste, shiitake mushrooms, greens, seaweed, etc. - often 志っぽく - Kansai dialect ➜ お亀【おかめ】

godan ~む verb / transitive:

• to assume the posture of praying; to press the palms and fingers of both hands together; to do reverence (e.g. before a statue of the Buddha); to pay one's respects
• to beg; to make a supplication
• to see (something or someone of high status) - sometimes used sarcastically in modern Japanese - humble language

noun / ~する noun:

• call; summons; paging; curtain call ➜ 呼び出す【よびだす】

noun:

• usher who calls the names of wrestlers, sweeps the ring, etc. - Sumo term
• telephone number at which a person without a telephone can be reached - abbreviation ➜ 呼び出し電話
• box-shaped area containing clean water for rinsing oneself (in an Edo-period bathhouse) - archaism ➜ 陸湯
• high-ranking prostitute in the Yoshiwara district (Edo period) - archaism
• unlicensed prostitute in the Fukagawa red-light district (Edo period) - archaism